AIMS To assess the impact of plain packaging on visual attention towards health warning information on cigarette packs. DESIGN Mixed-model experimental design, comprising smoking status as a between-subjects factor, and package type (branded versus plain) as a within-subjects factor. SETTING University laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Convenience sample of young adults, comprising non-smokers (n ...

In a double-blind study, 0.5% bupivacaine 3 ml in plain (n = 10) or hyperbaric (n = 10) solution was injected intrathecally to 20 patients who were in the sitting position, to produce spinal anaesthesia for transurethral resection of prostate. No statistically significant differences were found in time to maximum cephalad spread of analgesia nor in the level reached. However, the plain solution...

Interobserver reliability of the AO system of classification of fractures of the distal radius was assessed using plain radiographs and CT. Five observers classified 30 Colles'-type fractures using only plain radiographs; two months later they were reclassified using CT in addition. Interobserver reliability was poor in both series when detailed classification was used. By reducing the categori...

Background: While plain radiography is commonly used to assess scaphoid fracture, this imaging modality may not accurately demonstrate early bone healing. This investigation evaluates the utility of 64-slice CT in the detection of early fracture healing compared to plain radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: Outpatients attending follow-up visits for scaphoid fractures at H...

Machine Translation (MT) was an important area of Natural Language Processing that dealt with the translation of one natural language to another language. In this paper we were presenting the research on Translation of short messages to Plain English Text Messages. In today’s world where communication over the internet had increased by using various types of websites and another internet applic...

Since John von Neumann suggested utilizing Logistic map as a random number generator in 1947, a great number of encryption schemes based on Logistic map and/or its variants have been proposed. This paper re-evaluates the security of an image cipher based on transformed logistic maps and proves that the image cipher can be deciphered efficiently under two different conditions: 1) two pairs of kn...