Gluten sensitivity is one of the prominent features of celiac disease (CD) which is an autoimmune disorder characterized by damaged lining of the small intestine. CD was known already to ancient Greeks as κοιλιακός (keeleeakoss) i.e. disease of the abdominal cavity hence celiac. Focus of this Commentary article is on rather complex definition of CD and its emerging new forms the example of whic...

Kuhn and Dean (this issue) make a valuable contribution to the challenge of increasing the scientific reasoning skills of lowperforming urban sixth graders. They describe a procedure that was highly effective in the short run, and they show how difficult it is to achieve long-term transfer with anything less than extremely detailed and direct instruction. In addition, their work raises importan...

statistical errors are common in scientific literature and about 50% of the published articles have at least one error. the assumption of normality needs to be checked for many statistical procedures, namely parametric tests, because their validity depends on it. the aim of this commentary is to overview checking for normality in statistical analysis using spss.

The paper discusses the emergence of the term ‘ontology’ in knowledge engineering (and now in information science). A definition of the term as currently used is given: an explicit specification of a ‘world’ that is to be represented in a computer system. The background that has led to the emergence of this concept is sketched, and examples of ontologies are provided. The process of building an...

this commentary explores the implications of increased social media marketing by drug manufacturers, based on findings in hyosun kim’s article of the major themes in recent food and drug administration (fda) warning letters and notices of violation regarding online direct-to-consumer promotions of pharmaceuticals. kim’s rigorous analysis of fda letters over a 10-year span highlights a relative ...

dar bayan-i ?istikhradj-i djayb-i yik daradja is a persian treatise by an anonymous author. the author’s purpose is to describe and explain a method for the determination of the sine of one degree according to ??sh ch?’s persian commentary on ulugh beg’s z?dj, and ????z?da’s arabic treatise entitled ris?la fi ?istikhradj djayb daradja wahida. kad?zada’s work, extant in several manuscripts, is, ...

recently a number of calls have been made to mobilise the arsenal of political science insights to investigate – and point to improvements in – the social determinants of health (sdh), and health equity. recently, in this journal, such a rallying appeal was made for the field of public administration. this commentary argues that, although scholarly potential should justifiably be redirected to ...

This commentary addresses Bowen et al’s empirical study of perspectives of Canadian healthcare staff towards research and their call for multi-faceted action to improve misalignments in the system. This commentary argues that tensions and misalignments between research and service are inherent and can never be eradicated. Building on previous work by Lanham et al, I pro...