Changes in the skin that occur in the elderly may put them at increased risk for altered percutaneous penetration from pharmacotherapy along with potential adverse effects. Skin factors that may have a role in age-related percutaneous penetration include blood flow, pH, skin thickness, hair and pore density, and the content and structure of proteins, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), water, and lipids...

In this paper, I will try to show that the idea that there can be consciousness without some form of attention, and high-level top-down attention without consciousness, originates from a failure to notice the varieties of forms that top-down attention and consciousness can assume. I will present evidence that: there are various forms of attention and consciousness; not all forms of attention pr...

Two kinds of relations are generally proposed between consciousness and matter. Firstly matter gives rise to consciousness and secondly consciousness gives rise to matter. The second possibility is explored in the paper. The term consciousness vector has been proposed by the author earlier. In this paper the origin of space, time and matter is discussed in the terms of consciousness vector. It ...

Corrugator supercilii muscle activity is considered an objective measure of valence because it increases in response to negatively valenced facial expressions (angry) and decreases to positive expressions (happy). The authors sought to determine if corrugator activity could be used as an objective measure of positivity-negativity bias. The authors recorded corrugator responses as participants r...

Desire spurs competition; here we explore whether the converse is also true. In one study, female quartets (N1⁄4 58) completed anagrams, with the winner to receive compact speakers; controls anagrammed without competition. In the other study, female quartets (N1⁄4 74) described their ideal first date to a male judge, who chose the best description; controls read to him others’ date descriptions...

The science of consciousness begins with the search for the neural correlates of consciousness. I explain this notion and give examples of research in the field. I then discuss how different conceptions of consciousness may influence the search for the neural correlates. This includes the distinctions between access and phenomenal consciousness, and between conscious states and unified consciou...

Every Science has a philosophy in its background and every computation has a natural phenomenon in it’s background. One of the most pronounced research domains in the recent times is study of consciousness, what we have chosen as our area of research. This field of research conglomerates both philosophy and phenomenology. Philosophy of consciousness helped to derive the scientific interpretatio...

Abstract. A key problem of finding the most complete and useful theory of consciousness may revolve around how to empirically de-termine different styles or states of consciousness and how to incorporate these within a single paradigm. This was our motivation to start examination of EEG correlates of some activities or substates of consciousness which occur spontaneously or are induced artifici...

As papers about consciousness are so often introduced, consciousness was until few decades ago considered a philosophical problem only, and the current interest in empirical consciousness research was unforeseen. This development was of course influenced by the technological advancements in neuroscience during those decades, but more important and fundamental was a new openness to interdiscipli...

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric disorder that may accompany either acute or chronic liver disease. It is defined as a disturbance of central nervous system function due to hepatic insufficiency and includes a large spectrum of clinical manifestations such as decreased intellectual function, personality disorders, alterations in level of consciousness and neuromuscular dysfunct...