Catalyst deactivation causes major losses in the chemical industry worldwide every year [...]

In the present work, a theoretical study on the deactivation of triplet excited (T(1)) state thioxanthone (TX) by indole (INH) was performed, based on density functional theory calculations. Three feasible pathways, namely direct electron transfer from INH to T(1) state TX, electron transfer followed by proton transfer from INH(.+) to TX(.-), and H-atom transfer from nitrogen of INH to keto oxy...

The homogenous, [IrCp∗I2]2, SCRAM catalyst (1) is active in the racemization of chiral amines. NMR, kinetic and structural mechanistic studies have determined cause deactivation to occur when ammonia or methylamine are liberated by hydrolysis aminolysis intermediate imine, which tightly coordinate iridium centre block turnover. Control moisture substrate concentration can suppress deactivation,...

We tested the concept that lesions of primary visual cortical areas 17 and 18 sustained on the day of birth induce a redistribution of cerebral operations underlying the ability to disengage visual attention and then redirect it to a new location. In cats, these operations are normally highly localizable to posterior middle suprasylvian (pMS) cortex. Three stimulation paradigms were used: (i) m...

The enzymatic synthesis of organic compounds in continuous bioreactors is an efficient way to obtain industrially important chemicals. However, few works have focused on the study of the operational conditions and the bioprocess performance. In this work, the aliphatic ester pentyl octanoate was obtained by direct esterification using a continuous packed bed bioreactor containing the immobilize...

Molecular rotors based on meso-substituted boron-dipyrromethane (BODIPY) are widely recognized fluorescent viscosity sensors. The viscosity dependence of their fluorescence arises from an efficient excited-state deactivation process that can only occur when molecularscale motion is not hindered. Here, we use visible and IR pump-probe spectroscopies combined with TD-DFT calculations to show that...

Molecular rotors based on meso-substituted boron-dipyrromethane (BODIPY) are widely recognized fluorescent viscosity sensors. The viscosity dependence of their fluorescence arises from an efficient excited-state deactivation process that can only occur when molecularscale motion is not hindered. Here, we use visible and IR pump-probe spectroscopies combined with TD-DFT calculations to show that...

Molecular rotors based on meso-substituted boron-dipyrromethane (BODIPY) are widely recognized fluorescent viscosity sensors. The viscosity dependence of their fluorescence arises from an efficient excited-state deactivation process that can only occur when molecularscale motion is not hindered. Here, we use visible and IR pump-probe spectroscopies combined with TD-DFT calculations to show that...

Studies of cortical connections or neuronal function in different cerebral areas support the hypothesis that parallel cortical processing streams, similar to those identified in visual cortex, may exist in the auditory system. However, this model has not yet been behaviorally tested. We used reversible cooling deactivation to investigate whether the individual regions in cat nonprimary auditory...