Herbicides adversely affect both the target plant and its environment. In this study, Helianthus annuus L. cv. “Oliva CL” was treated post-emergence with 0.3 to 3.1 mM quizalofop-p-ethyl. The peroxidase activity (POD), ascorbate peroxidase activity (APX), lipid peroxidation, pigment system and total phenolic content were then determined on the 1st, 5th, 10th and 15th days following treatment. T...

Giant ragweed is a troublesome, early emerging summer annual weed found throughout the Midwest and eastern Corn Belt. Knowledge about the emergence pattern of giant ragweed and how it responds to tillage can help in developing effective integrated management strategies. The objectives of this study were to explore the emergence pattern of a glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed population from Neb...

the application time of weed control methods due to population dynamics of this species is one of the most important aspects of weed management. in this study tried to use four sigmoidal functions (logistic, gompertz, richards and weibull) and to select the best fit by using r2adj , rmse and aicc. our results showed that the seedling models of every weed are different from one another and the m...

Global climate change has been implicated in phenological shifts for a variety of taxa. Amphibian species in particular are sensitive to changes in their environment due to their biphasic life history and restricted reproductive requirements. Previous research has shown that not all temperate amphibian species respond similarly to the same suite of climatic or environmental cues, nor are indivi...

Five pools containing immature stages of Anopheles punctulatus were treated with pyriproxyfen at 4 different dosages. Inhibition of adult emergence was observed in pupae collected from the test pools and/or those obtained by rearing of the 4th instar larvae. Adult emergence was inhibited completely for 2 months at a dosage of 0.1 ppm, for one month at 0.05 ppm and 0.01 ppm, and for 20 days at 0...

Partial male-sterile (ms(4)/ms(4)) soybeans (Glycine max L. Merr.) and their fertile isoline (Ms(4)/Ms(4)) were grown in adjoining field plots. From 62 until 92 days after emergence, the nitrogenase activity, assayed by acetylene reduction, of the average male-sterile plant was approximately twice that of the average fertile plant. At approximately 100 days after emergence, the assayable nitrog...

With the current emergence of green chemistry to keep the environment safe, attention is being shifted towards using plant extracts as corrosion inhibitors. The inhibitive performances of Talinum triangulare leaf extract and Musa sapientum peel extract on the ZA-27 in 1.0 M and 1.5 M hydrochloric acid solutions were studied for 18 days using mass loss measurement. The corrosion inhibition effic...

Despite extensive research on the functions of kin recognition, little is known about ontogenetic changes in the cues mediating such recognition. In Belding's ground squirrels, Spermophilus beldingi, secretions from oral glands are both individually distinct and kin distinct, and function in social recognition across many contexts. Behavioral studies of recognition and kin preferences suggest t...

A short-term longitudinal study with 4and 5-month-old infants investigated whether infants’ prior experience with contingency or noncontingency in social interactions with specific others affects infants’ preference for these others in subsequent interactions. On Session 1 infants were simultaneously presented with social interaction from two strangers via video, one was interacting contingentl...