Najib el-Kîlânî, who lived in Egypt from 1931 to 1995, is one of the important figures Islamic literature. He dabbled literature when he was young and wrote about a hundred works. The period countries visited gave him opportunity get know problems faced by society. author depicted these that witnessed his focuses on social, political, economic religious Muslim community literary works, deals wi...

I n early 2003 an Israeli agent in the Gaza Strip telephoned Mustafa, a wealthy Palestinian merchant in Gaza, to inform him that over the previous three months his son Ahmad had been preparing for a suicide bombing mission in Israel. Mustafa was told that if his son followed through with his plans, he and his family would suffer severe consequences: their home would be demolished, and Israel wo...

We investigate the mass profiles of clusters in MOND for a sample of galaxy groups and clusters with temperatures ranging from 0.7 to 8.9 keV. We confirm that a huge hidden mass component, about 1.5 to 4 times more massive than the total visible mass (at the last measured radii, dropping thereafter), is needed to account for the hydrostatic equilibrium of these clusters. For the massive systems...

Soils on sites of former manufactured gas plants are usually contaminated with iron-cyanide complexes. We investigated the extraction of cyanide from 23 contaminated soils by three methods, which are prescribed by the German Federal Soil Protection Act and Ordinance: the soil-saturation extract with water, SSE, with a very narrow soil:solution ratio; the so-called S4 water extract with a soil:s...

Abstract This essay, a product of reflection and dialogue between Palestinian Jewish Israeli, revisits the so-called "Teddy Katz Affair," heated debate that erupted first in 2000 but resurfaced recently due to new documentary. The Affair was triggered by newspaper article reporting about master’s thesis, which relied heavily on oral testimonies, concluded war crimes against Palestinians were co...

the objective of this paper is to shed light on the islamic republic of iran's foreign policy toward the middle east in the period 1979-2007. iran's relations with pakistan and turkey within the framework of eco can be defined as friendly and neighborly since the revolution. iran- iraq ties until 2003 can only be termed as antagonistic and conflict-prone. in 1980-1988, the two neighbo...