Interactive networked multimedia applications are sensitive to delay and jitter affecting the transmission of their data packets. Without the support of quality of service, the nature of the Internet makes it difficult to deliver data streams in the demanded constant and steady way these applications need for an acceptable performance. Because of this limitation, value-added services like the “...

A method for conditioning data used in the measurement of the modulation transfer function (MTF) is discussed. This method is based upon imposing the constraint that the edge spread function (ESF) is monotonic. The advantages of this technique, when applicable, are demonstrated with simulated examples for which the true MTF is known. The application of this technique in the measurement of the M...

Integration of data defined at different scales is a recurring problem in Earth Science applications. Integrating seismic data with well data defined on a much smaller scale is one such application. Currently sequential and iterative simulation algorithms are not equipped to combine data which are non-linearly related with each other over different scales. This paper proposes a novel technique ...

Hybrid geostatistical models imitate a sequence of depositional events in time. By considering sedimentation processes, these algorithms produce highly realistic subsurface structures from a variety of environments. However, since depositional events are forward-modeled, they cannot be directly conditioned to data. Therefore, conditioning requires solving a possibly expensive inverse problem. I...

Conditioned fear responses to a tone paired with footshock rapidly extinguish when the tone is presented in the absence of the shock. Rather than erase conditioning, extinction is thought to involve the formation of new memory. In support of this, extinguished freezing spontaneously recovers with the passage of time. It is not known, however, how long extinction memory lasts or whether extincti...

Various auditory tones have been used as conditioned stimuli (CS) for fear conditioning, but researchers have largely neglected the effect that different types of auditory tones may have on fear memory processing. Here, we report that at lateral amygdala (LA) synapses (a storage site for fear memory), conditioning with different types of auditory CSs (2.8 kHz tone, white noise, FM tone) recruit...

Operant conditioning of the spinal stretch reflex or its electrical analog, the H-reflex, produces spinal cord plasticity and can thereby affect motoneuron responses to primary afferent input. To explore whether this conditioning can affect the functional outcome after peripheral nerve injury, we assessed the effect of up-conditioning soleus (SOL) H-reflex on SOL and tibialis anterior (TA) func...

Conditioning models hold intuitive appeal for explaining the etiology of atypical sexual arousal. The majority of treatments for sexual disorders are based on such models (Plaud & Martini, 1999) and numerous case studies attest to the effectiveness of behavior or response modification techniques in dealing with paraphilias (Gaither, Rosenkranz & Plaud, 1998). It is also a common theoretical ass...