BACKGROUND Lack of sanitation facilities is a serious health risk and obliges people to practice open defecation, thereby increasing the risk of disease transmission. The aim of this study was to assess latrine coverage and the associated factors among the rural communities in district of Bahir Dar Zuria, Ethiopia. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 608 household...

Neste artigo, discutimos o caráter cotidiano e relacional da catástrofe, que faz com termo extrapole sua associação os acontecimentos pontuais. Para isso, tomamos como referência uma realidade social particular que, sendo singular delimitada geograficamente, um lixão em Iguatu/Ceará, encontra semelhanças adversidades diversas outras existentes diferentes cidades brasileiras mesmo distintos país...

extended abstract 1. introduction karst classification is carried out in order to better investigate karsts. it plays a fundamental role in distinguishing and recognizing them. today, the implementation of development projects without the appreciation of karst classification and recognition seems a difficult task. field studies, topographic maps, satellite images, aerial photographs and geologi...

In their commentary, Dar and Frenk call into question the validity of all published data that describe the onset of nicotine addiction. They argue that the data that describe the early onset of nicotine addiction is so different from the conventional wisdom that it is irrelevant. In this rebuttal, the author argues that the conventional wisdom cannot withstand an application of the scientific m...

OBJECTIVE Men who have sex with men (MSM) in sub-Saharan Africa remain hidden and hard to reach for involvement in HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) services. The aim of the current study was to describe MSM social networks in a large and a small Tanzanian city in order to explore their utility for peer-based healthcare interventions. METHODS Data were collected through respondent-...

Dynamic Alternative Routing (DAR) is a simple but highly efficient decentralised routing scheme developed for the UK trunk network. This paper examines how to dimension the UK network given known multiple traffic patterns together with unpredictable variations in traffic. Previous methods are first examined. We then present the results of a cost comparison of DAR and AAR using simple sizing tec...