Effect of Fat Supplements in Starter Diet on Performance, Blood and Rumen Parameters Holstein Calves

Approximately 20% of the beef tonnage produced in the United States is derived from Holsteins, through harvested dairy beef or cull dairy cows (Randy Blach, Cattle-Fax, personal communication). This represents a significant contribution to the U.S. beef supply. More and more large commercial feed yards have seen the opportunity available with feeding Holstein steers. Inherent variation between ...

this study evaluated the nasopharyngeal microbial flora and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the one hundred and thirty holstein calves with dairy calf pneumonia from dairy farms of mashhad suburb between september 2002 and august 2003 . the most common micro-organisms isolated were pasteurella multocida 80 (61.54%), mannheimia haemolytica 41 (31.54%), bacillus sp. 15 (11.54%), staphylo...

During the mid 1990s a potentially serious, chronic syndrome was reported in well-managed beef and dairy herds from unrelated parts of South Africa. Farmers reported that it manifested as various combinations of decreased production, decreased weaning masses, apparent immune breakdown in previously immunocompetent animals, increased reproductive disorders, various mineral imbalances in non-defi...

The present study has been conducted to evaluate the effect of intramuscular administration of vitamin A during dry period in pregnant dairy cows which have already received it in their daily ration on vitamin A status of neonatal calves.Single intramuscular injection of 2000000 IU vitamin A was carried in 10 dairy cows at 7 months of pregnancy (group 1) and in another 10 dairy cows at 8 months...

A unique law (Act 201) requiring livestock markets to place an identifying mark on calves up to 90 kg each time they are sold went into effect in Wisconsin in 1993. The intent of the law is to reduce the number of times calves are resold and hence become "stale." The original proponents of the law proposed that calves be ear-notched each time they are sold. Ear notching, however, was resisted b...

It has been suggested that United Kingdom recommendations for feeding the neonatal calf (500 g milk replacer (MR)/day; 200-230 g CP/kg milk powder) are inadequate to sustain optimal growth rates in early life. The current study was undertaken with 153 high genetic merit, male and female Holstein-Friesian calves (PIN2000 = £48) born between September and March, with heifers reared and bred to ca...

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different levels of alfalfa hay (AH) and sodium propionate (Pro) added to starter diets of Holstein calves on growth performance, rumen fermentation characteristics, and rumen development. Forty-two male Holstein calves (40±2kg of birth weight) were used in a complete randomized design with a 3×2 factorial arrangement of treatme...

The early social environment can influence the health and behaviour of animals, with effects lasting into adulthood. In Europe, around 60% of dairy calves are reared individually during their first eight weeks of life, while others may be housed in pairs or small groups. This study assessed the effects of varying degrees of social contact on weaning stress, health and production during pen rear...