CLINICAL HISTORY This 47-year-old woman has a history of migraine since aged 4 years. Until 1 year ago, the headaches occurred one to two times per week, lasted all day, resulted in functional incapacity, and were not relieved by over-the-counter medications or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. About 10 years ago, she was taking Fiorinal #3 but stopped when she developed rebound headaches. S...

High frequency data are often used to construct proxies for the daily volatility in discrete time volatility models. This paper introduces a calculus for such proxies, making it possible to compare and optimize them. The two distinguishing features of the approach are (1) a simple continuous time extension of discrete time volatility models and (2) an abstract definition of volatility proxy. Th...

The Daily Ritual was one of a series of cultic rituals performed for the statue of the god by temple priests each day. Performed in the morning after the fi rst light of dawn, it was complemented by similar but more abbreviated rituals in the afternoon and evening. The Egyptians believed that the gods themselves had established the correct form of the rituals, and along with the celebration of ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The positive effects of galantamine on cognition and activities of daily living (ADL) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are thought to be mediated via improvements in attention. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of galantamine on attention in AD patients using a computerized attention test and to elucidate the relationship between improvements in attention a...

OBJECTIVES This brief report examines whether significant changes in cognition, functional dependence, health service use, and out-of-pocket medical expenditures (OOPMD) occur in the years prior to a physician-identified memory problem in a nationally representative sample of older adults. METHOD Longitudinal data from the RAND-Health and Retirement Survey were utilized. Those who reported a ...

OBJECTIVES This study examines changes in functional and activity limitations 1998-2012 for individuals 55-69. METHODS Logistic models are used to estimate trends in limitations in vision, hearing, physical and cognitive functioning, IADLs, and ADLs. Additional models assess the extent to which trends are associated with and differ by education, smoking, and BMI. RESULTS Changes in prevalen...

This study evaluated the criterion validity of the Outcome and Assessment Instrument Set (OASIS) items that measure activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), cognitive functioning, and depression. A convenience sample of patients (n = 203) from five home care agencies participated in the study. Patient OASIS items were compared to data collected using g...

OBJECTIVES To compare the clinical efficacy, pharmacokinetic profiles and safety of once-daily dosing (ODD) and multiple daily dosing (MDD) of gentamicin in hospitalized Indian children. PATIENTS AND METHODS Four hundred children admitted to our hospital were studied prospectively. The patients were randomized to ODD or MDD groups alternately. The primary outcomes were: (i) a good clinical ou...