By means of a very simple example, this note illustrates the appeal of using Bayesian rather than classical methods to produce inference on hidden states in models of Markovian regime switching. JEL Classification: C11, C22.

In this note we look at sufficient conditions for stationarity of a simple random coefficient model and find that this model is guaranteed to be stationary under strict conditions. JEL codes: C22

Fifty-three algal cultures were isolated from freshwater lakes in Hainan, China. Four microalgal isolates were selected because they could be successfully cultivated at high density and demostrated a strong fluorescence after being stained with nile red. These cultures were identified as strains of Chlorella sp. C11, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii C22, Monoraphidium dybowskii C29, and Chlorella sp. ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) activation by clofibrate on both mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation in the developing kidney. Ten newborn pigs from 5 litters were randomly assigned to two groups and fed either 5 mL of a control vehicle (2% Tween 80) or a vehicle containing clofibrate (75 mg/kg body w...

Upon inoculation with pathogenic microbes, plants induce an array of metabolic changes that potentially contribute to induced resistance or even enhance susceptibility. When analysing leaf lipid composition during the Arabidopsis thaliana-Pseudomonas syringae interaction, we found that accumulation of the phytosterol stigmasterol is a significant plant metabolic process that occurs upon bacteri...

In this study we investigated the interaction behavior between thirteen different small peptides and a hydrophobic surface using three progressively more complex methods of representing solvation effects: a united-atom implicit solvation method [CHARMM 19 force field (C19) with Analytical Continuum Electrostatics (ACE)], an all-atom implicit solvation method (C22 with GBMV), and an all-atom exp...

We provide a necessary and a sufficient condition on an individual’s expected utility function under which any zero-mean idiosyncratic risk increases cautiousness (the derivative of the reciprocal of the absolute risk aversion), which is the key determinant for this individual’s demand for options and portfolio insurance. JEL Classification Codes: D51, D58, D81, G11, G12, G13.

Committee decision making is examined in this study focusing on the role assigned to the committee members. In particular, we are concerned about the comparison between committee performance under specialization and non-specialization of the decision makers. JEL Classification number: D81, D71

Fifteen fertile rams (live weight 55.9 ± 1.21 kg, and 2.5-3 years old) were randomly allotted to three diets consisting of 0 (Control), 12.5 (PBP-12.5), and 25 % (PBP-25.5) pistachio by-products (PBP) in dry matter. Sperm motility parameters were detrimentally affected in animals feeding on PBP-25% diet (P<0.05). Sperm concentration of C17-1, C22-6-n-3, C18-2-Cis and C22-6 n-3 fatty acids decre...