BACKGROUND A knowledge-based radiation therapy (KBRT) treatment planning algorithm was recently developed. The purpose of this work is to investigate how plans that are generated with the objective KBRT approach compare to those that rely on the judgment of the experienced planner. METHODS Thirty volumetric modulated arc therapy plans were randomly selected from a database of prostate plans t...

Received: November 24, 2008. Accepted: January 20, 2009. Corresponding author: Kyung-Bong Yoon, M.D., Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 134, Sinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Korea. Tel: 82-2-2228-2416, Fax: 82-2-2227-7897, E-mail: [email protected] Copyright c Korean Society of Anesthesiologists...

Aerenchyma attributes plant tissues that contain enlarged spaces exceeding those commonly found as intracellular spaces. It is known that sulfur (S) deficiency leads to formation of aerenchyma in maize adventitious roots by lysis of cortical cells. Seven-day-old maize plants were grown in a hydroponics setup for 19 days under S deprivation against full nutrition. At day 17 and 26 from sowing (d...

This study analyzed extreme precipitation events, using daily rainfall data for 1966–2015. A Mann–Kendall trend test was used to evaluate trends in precipitation, copula functions were applied compute the joint return periods of and univariate bivariate distributions determine risk. The results showed that decrease consecutive wet days (CWD) significant west northwest Iran, while dry (CDD) inde...

understanding the seed germination response of cultivated genotypes to temperature is important, agronomically. the genotypes that germinate in lower temperatures could be useful for situations (such as late winter plantings) where temperatures are low in germination stage. therefore, this experiment was conducted to study the cardinal temperatures, response to sub- or supra-optimal temperature...

Thermochromic luminescent compounds with d10 metal ions are interesting materials for applications such as sensors or display devices. However, these properties are difficult to predict prior to their synthesis. In this communication, we investigated materials with structural assemblies known to be responsible of distinct luminescence mechanisms and show that they can be interesting potential t...

Kekosongan persediaan material pada saat pelaksanaan proyek dapat mengakibatkan penyelesaian suatu pekerjaan menjadi terhambat sehingga akan mempengaruhi total waktu serta biaya proyek. Apabila terlalu banyak maka membutuhkan ruang penyimpanan dan terjadi penyusutan yang berdampak meningkatkan biaya. Untuk menghindari hal tersebut perlu dibuat perencanaan efektif efisien dengan mempergunakan me...

Pathogenic bacteria that become internalized in leaf tissues are protected from the antimicrobial effects of surface treatments. Ionizing radiation is known to penetrate food tissues, but the efficacy of the process against internalized bacteria is unknown. Leaves of Romaine lettuce and baby spinach were cut into pieces, submerged in a cocktail mixture of three isolates of Escherichia coli O157...