The l-isomer of methadone possesses opioid activity, whereas the d-isomer is weak or inactive as an opioid. Both d- and l-methadone have been shown to bind to the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. To determine whether d-methadone has functional, in vivo NMDA receptor antagonist activity, the antinociceptive effects of d-methadone were evaluated in the rat tail-flick and formalin tests. Cumu...

Quantitative measurements of fluorescein in the eye are widely used in studying the function of the bloodretinal barrier, but they also can be of value in measuring the flow rate of the tears and aqueous humor and the barriers offered by the corneal layers and the other anterior structures of the eye. Concentrations down to 10~ g/ml can be determined in the ocular humors, and this allows measur...

Clindamycin has been used to treat serious infections caused by susceptible Staphylococcus aureus strains in children for more than 30 years. It remains effective for many infections caused by community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CAMRSA). Clindamycin also is useful for selected infections caused by pneumococci, group A streptococci, and a number of other microbes. Absorption afte...

Six tests commonly used for the presumptive identification of group D streptococci were evaluated. Strains tested included 282 group D streptococci and 366 non-group D. Ratios of percentages of group D to non-group D strains which gave positive reactions for each test are as follows: bile-esculin, 100:2; salt tolerance, 88:24; heat tolerance, 100:80; SF broth, 86:1; KF broth, 99:40; and methyle...

background: in recent years, epidemiologic and laboratory studies have implied that vitamin d deficiency has a role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. it has shown that vitamin d can prevent tumor progression induced by carcinogens and inhibit the carcinogenic effects of high fat diet on breast tissue and growth of tumor cells. this study aimed to evaluate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d level and...

Background and Aims: Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) remains a potentially serious health problem world wide. All infected people, including asymptomatic ones, are potential sources for virus transmission. Virus envelope contains at least 13 glycoproteins, which glycoprotein D is the major target of immune responses. The aim of this study was development of a specific method that is a more...

The alcohol breath test (ABT) has been used for quantification of ethyl alcohol in individuals suspected of driving under the influence for more than 50 years. In this time, there has been little change in the concepts underlying this single breath test. The old model, which assumes that end-exhaled breath alcohol concentration is closely related to alveolar air alcohol concentration, is no lon...

This paper deals with operators (PFG), which are localized in Minkowski space wedges (Rindler or Bisognano-Wichmann) regions, and yet are free of those polarization clouds which are typical of vectors obtained by applying interacting operators with smaller localization regions or local elds to the vacuum. They relate the (oo-shell) KMS properties for the thermal Unruh wedge localization to the ...

The ASTM D 1037 six-cycle accelerated-aging test for wood-based panel products was analyzed to determine how each successive aging cycle and selected steps in each cycle contribute to panel deterioration. Hardboard, particleboard, flakeboard, waferboard, and oriented strandboard were evaluated. The rate of panel deterioration generally decreased with each successive aging cycle. Four cycles of ...