We designed a neuro fuzzy control strategy for control of cyclical leg movements of paraplegic subjects. The cyclical leg movements were specified by three ‘swing phase objectives’, characteristic of natural human gait. The neuro fuzzy controller is a combination of a fuzzy logic controller and a neural network, which makes the controller self tuning and adaptive. Two experiments have been perf...

In this paper, we consider, discuss and complement fixed points results for mappings satisfying cyclical contractive conditions established by W. A. Kirk et al. [W. A. Kirk, P. S. Srinivasan, P. Veeramani, Fixed points for mappings satisfying cyclical contractive conditions, Fixed Point Theory, Volume 4, No. 1, 2003, 79-89]. By using our new Lemma we get much shorter and nicer proofs of some re...

We survey both academic and proprietary models to examine how macroeconomic and systematic risk effects are incorporated into measures of credit risk exposure. Many models consider the correlation between the probability of default (PD) and cyclical factors. Few models adjust loss rates (loss given default) to reflect cyclical effects. We find that the possibility of systematic correlation betw...

The procyclical behavior of prices has been a staple of business cycle lore since the work of the early NBER business cycle researchers. This paper reexamines that empirical fact. The aggregate data do not support procyclical price movements as a stable feature of the business cycle. The only episode where it is a robust feature of the data is the period between the two world wars, particularly...

An essential part of the ongoing normative debate on how to design cyclical movements fiscal policy practices argues that counter-cyclical policies based Keynesian view should be preferred pro-cyclical because their stabilizing effects. In this context, empirical analysis behavior is an area up date, first introduced by Gavin and Perotti (1997). The common opinion studies are applied in develop...

Because there has been a recent surge of interest in the linguistic cycle, this article presents a survey of cyclical change and shows how that change provides a unique perspective on the language faculty. The article provides a general background to the linguistic cycle and cyclical change. It reviews some of the cycles that we know and provides a possible account for them. © 2013 The Author. ...

What is the coherence of organisms? The organism is not a heat engine Energy storage in the living system-to equilibrate and not to equilibrate Energy storage over all space-time domains How is energy mobilized in living systems? The thermodynamics of symmetrically coupled flows The thermodynamics of cyclical flows Coupled energy flows are symmetrical and cyclical "Long-range energy continua" C...