We prove that cyclic languages are the boolean closure of languages called strongly cyclic languages. The result is used to give another proof of the rationality of the zeta function of rational cyclic languages.

We completely characterize possible indices of quasi-cyclic subcodes in a cyclic code for a very broad class of cyclic codes. We present enumeration results for quasi-cyclic subcodes of a fixed index and show that the problem of enumeration is equivalent to enumeration of certain vector subspaces in finite fields. In particular, we present enumeration results for quasi-cyclic subcodes of the si...

For more than four decades, the cyclic nucleotides cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP) have been recognized as important signaling molecules within cells. Under normal physiological conditions, cyclic nucleotides regulate a myriad of biological processes such as cell growth and adhesion, energy homeostasis, neuronal signaling, and muscle relaxation. In addition, altered cyclic nucleotide si...

In this paper, we study the structure of cyclic, quasi cyclic, constacyclic codes and their skew codes over the finite ring R. The Gray images of cyclic, quasi cyclic, skew cyclic, skew quasi cyclic and skew constacyclic codes over R are obtained. A necessary and sufficient condition for cyclic (negacyclic) codes over R that contains its dual has been given. The parameters of quantum error corr...

The intracellular ratio of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) to guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) may control the developmental pathway followed by antibody-forming cell (AFC) precursors. The evidence for this is derived from several different types of experiments. First lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is mitogenic for B lymphocytes, stimulates rapid, transient ch...

Cyclic nucleotides and cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases have been implicated in the regulation of cell motility and division, processes that depend on the cell cytoskeleton. To determine whether cyclic nucleotides or their kinases are physically associated with the cytoskeleton during cell division, fluorescently labeled antibodies directed against cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, and the cyc...

• This review examines critically the evidence bearing on the hypothesis that the positive inotropic effects of catecholamines are mediated by intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP). The review is selective in several respects. For example, it does not contain extensive discussions about the biochemical actions of cyclic AMP, the enzymes regulating its synthesis and degradati...

we prove that each normal automorphism of the $n$-periodic product of cyclic groups of odd order $rge1003$ is inner, whenever $r$ divides $n$.