Populations of many fish species are sensitive to changes in vital rates during early life stages, but our understanding of the factors affecting growth, survival, and movement patterns is often extremely limited for juvenile fish. These critical information gaps are particularly evident for bull trout Salvelinus confluentus, a threatened Pacific Northwest char. We combined several active and p...

Controlling spatial positioning of cattle through use of electronic collars could provide new ways to farm under extensive conditions. This study examined the potential for bulls to be controlled during mating using mild electric shocks delivered through radio-controlled collars. Eighteen Belmont Red bulls were fitted with collars containing the Global Positioning System and that were able to e...

The motivation for and process leading up to the publication of a new bull breeding soundness certification standard endorsed by the South African Veterinary Association is described. The veterinary certificate of bull breeding soundness and explanatory notes and minimum standards are shown. The first component of the certificate is a declaration by the veterinarian that the bull complies with ...

Shuso TAKEDA, Yuji ISHII, Peter I. MACKENZIE, Kiyoshi NAGATA, Yasushi YAMAZOE, Kazuta OGURI, and Hideyuki YAMADA* a Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University; Fukuoka 812–8582, Japan: b Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University; Adelaide, SA5042, Australia: c Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University; Sendai 980–...

The computational complexity of the Vertex Coloring problem is known for all hereditary classes of graphs defined by forbidding two connected five-vertex induced subgraphs, except for seven cases. We prove the polynomial-time solvability of four of these problems: for (P5, dart)-free graphs, (P5, banner)-free graphs, (P5, bull)-free graphs, and (fork, bull)-free graphs.

The effects of potassium, sodium, chloride and calcium on the percentage progressive motility of samples of chimpanzee and bull spermatozoa were investigated. Inhibitors and stimulatory of motility were identified. Three parameters of chimpanzee sperm motility, velocity, frequency and amplitude, were measured. There was no consistent change related to ion concentration. The ionic constituents o...

Lethal recessive genes that cause early embryo loss are difficult to detect. Nonreturn rate at 70 d after first insemination (NR) was evaluated as a trait of the embryo using 1,739,055 first-service records from 1,251 Holstein bulls represented as both service sires and sires of cows. Effects modeled included herd-year-season, parity of cow, sire of cow, service bull, interaction of service bul...

A DNA polymerase was isolated from bull spermatozoa by differential centrifugation, ultrafiltration and gel filtration. Its apparent molecular weight and synthetic template utilization resemble that of DNA polymerase gamma. Chemical and enzymic fractionation of bull spermatozoa indicate that the enzyme is most probably located in the nucleus.

Lyman J . Bratzler was born September 24, 1905, at Barrington, IL, where he obtained his elementary and high school education. He was reared on a dairy farm, from which he developed his interest in agriculture. He entered the University of Illinois in 1926 and was a member of the Meats Judging Team in 1929. He received inspiration from some great teachers: Dean Mumford, Sleeter Bull, R. R. Snap...