Innate cognitive capacities are orchestrated by cultural practices to produce high-level cognitive processes. In human activities, examples of this phenomenon range from everyday inferences about space and time to the most sophisticated reasoning in scientific laboratories. A case is examined in which chimpanzees enter into cultural practices with humans (in experiments) in ways that appear to ...

Heterosexual transmission accounts for the majority of cases in India, an epicentre of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, with increasing rates of infection in married women contracting HIV from an infected spouse. Cultural roles and position of married women in Indian society render targeted risk-reduction programmes difficult. To investigate HIV/AIDS-related knowledge, perceptions, and behaviour change a...

382 ©2014 Society for Biomaterials

BACKGROUND Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing, particularly for respiratory tract infections (RTI) in ambulatory care, has become a worldwide public health threat due to resulting antibiotic resistance. In spite of various interventions and campaigns, wide variations in antibiotic use persist between European countries. Cultural determinants are often referred to as a potential cause, but are...

BACKGROUND Dietary inequality, via socio-economic inequality, may involve several mechanisms. Different aspects of adolescents' socio-economic circumstances should therefore be considered in order to make effective interventions to promote healthy eating in the young population. Indicators designed to tap socio-economic status among adolescents in particular will facilitate a better understandi...

Our species is characterized by a great degree of cultural variation, both within and between populations. Understanding how group-level patterns of culture emerge from individual-level behaviour is a long-standing question in the biological and social sciences. We develop a simulation model capturing demographic and cultural dynamics relevant to human cultural evolution, focusing on the interf...

This paper describes a method to obtain quantitatively discriminating cultural interaction indicators and their values for cross-cultural Human Computer Interaction (HCI) design as preparatory work for cross-cultural adaptive navigation and multi-media systems. The method has been implemented in a tool for cross-cultural HCI analysis. Two online studies temporally displaced by one year using th...

This study investigates the leadership characteristics of New Zealand’s two largest cultural groups, Māori and Pakeha. It examines the extent to which these leadership characteristics are rooted in the unique contexts of each culture. Followers’ perceptions of leadership behaviour were examined using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ). The hypothesis that leadership is deeply rooted...

Creative domains such as art and music have distinct properties, not only in terms of the structure of the artefacts produced by in terms of their cultural dynamics and relation to adaptive functions. A number of theories have examined the possibility of functionless cultural domains emerging through a runaway evolutionary process. This includes models in which engaging in creative domains is a...