adhan (prayer call) as one of the cultural characteristics of islam, contains a wide range of cultural and social elements which necessitates the study of adhan as an occupation in muslim's everyday life besides the considering it's origination and developments in islamic history. along with a brief review of historical background of adhan in early islam, in the present survey the cul...

Self-adaptation has been frequently employed in evolutionary computation. Angeline [1995] defines three distinct adaptive levels which are: population, individual, and component level. Cultural Algorithms have been shown to provide a framework in which to model self-adaptation at each of these levels. Here, we examine the role that different forms of knowledge can play in the self-adaptation pr...

In this contribution, we propose some reflections on how an Embodied Animated Agent might be designed so as to adapt its behavior to the cultural context to which it applies. We start from a discussion of the meaning of the term ‘culture’, to then analyse the literature findings about the way human beings’ behavior (natural language expression, affect feeling and display, verbal and nonverbal c...

The study aimed to accomplish a cross-cultural adaptation of the 'Diabetes - 39 - D-39' instrument for Brazil, to test the validity of the adapted version in a sample of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and to describe the participants of the study, according to the scores obtained on the Likert-type scale. The instrument adaptation process followed several steps: instrument translation; achie...