BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Anopheles culicifacies Giles, the major malaria vector in Sri Lanka, exists as a species complex comprising two sympatric sibling species--species B and E. Species E is reported to be the major vector of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum parasites in Sri Lanka, whilst species B is a poor or nonvector as in India. Knowledge of the breeding habits of the two sibling speci...

Seabirds and other land-breeding marine predators are considered to be useful and practical indicators of the state of marine ecosystems because of their dependence on marine prey and the accessibility of their populations at breeding colonies. Historical counts of breeding populations of these higher-order marine predators are one of few data sources available for inferring past change in mari...

background : the aim of this study was to obtain new data which would be valuable to develop programs for future planning of mosquito controls in in western iran. methods : larvae and adult collections were carried out from different habitats using standard dipping and animal baited trap methods during may, june and july 2012 in two provinces (kurdistan and kermanshah) in the west of iran. char...

The development of the pupal dorsal apotome was examined and compared in representatives of the families Culicidae, Chaoboridae, Corethrellidae, and Dixidae. Illustrations of the pupal dorsal apotome for 73 species, in 25 genera, are provided to show the differences and similarities between taxa. The 4th-instar larval dorsal apotome is compared and illustrated for the 3 subfamilies of Culicidae...

This review summarizes results of field trials for the genetic control of Aedes aegypti conducted in coastal Kenyan villages in 1974-75. Two separate releases, in dry and wet seasons, of translocation-heterozygote males induced 60-70% sterility in offspring of native Ae. aegypti but did not reduce adult-mosquito population sizes in the release villages because of density-dependent larval mortal...

The disease environment could help explain underdevelopment in Africa. This paper shows that local malaria risk is associated with worse local development outcomes. Combining an Ethiopian household survey with satellite-derived topographical information, the paper shows that malaria incidence is correlated with village elevation, slope, and their interaction. That is, malaria is sensitive to el...

Stream and terrestrial ecosystems are intimately connected by riparian zones that support high biodiversity but also vulnerable to human impacts. Landscape disturbances, overgrazing, diffuse pollution of agrochemicals threaten the delivery ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes. We assessed how invertebrate communities respond changes vegetation Romanian catchments, with a focus on role ...

Ecotypic differentiation is well described in the mosquito Culex pipiens, separating populations breeding in subterranean and human-made sites (hypogeous habitat) from those in open-air sites (epigeous habitat). The pattern of population differentiation observed at the Aat-1 locus has been suspected to be associated with such ecotypic differentiation via habitat-dependent selection, but this su...