Purpose: This paper evaluates the mechanical parameters for three dimensions PTW automatic water phantom system (MP3-S) and its computer controlled measuring system (MEPHYSTO software version 7.3). Material and Methods: This study compares the scanning overall speed using the PTW water phantom and PTW MEPHYSTO software at different levels of overall speed 5, 10, 15, 20,30, 40, and 50mm/sec. The...

Introduction: Three physical conditions caused an external beam designated as a small field. The first is the loss of lateral charged particle equilibrium. The second is the effect of collimators on the primary photon source occlusion. The third condition is the size of the detector which is large compared to the field size. The most obvious perturbation effects in last condit...

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the equivalent dose in vital organs, including heart and lung, due to secondary particles produced during breast proton therapy. Materials and Methods: The numerical ORNL female-phantom was improved and simulated using the Monte Carlo MCNPX code. The depth-dose profile of proton beams with different energies was simulated. The proper energy ran...

Introduction Polymer gel dosimeters offer a practical solution to 3D dose verification for conventional radiotherapy as well as intensity-modulated and stereotactic radiotherapy. In this study, EGSnrc calculated and PAGAT polymer gel dosimeter measured dose profiles from single shot irradiation with 18 mm collimator of Gamma Knife in homogeneous and inhomogeneous phantoms were compared with eac...

As technology continues to develop, external beam radiation therapy is being employed, with increased conformity, to treat smaller targets. As this occurs, the dosimetry methods and tools employed to quantify these fields for treatment also have to evolve to provide increased spatial resolution. The team at the University of Wollongong has developed a pixelated silicon detector prototype known ...

background: pet/ct imaging using [18f]-fdg is utilized in clinical oncology for tumor detecting, staging and responding to therapy procedures. essential consideration must be taken for radiation staff due to high gamma radiation in pet/ct and cyclotron center. the aim of this study was to assess the staff exposure regarding whole body and organ dose and to evaluate environment dose in pet/ct an...

background: we have validated the monitor unit calculations from a commercially available treatment planning system (tps) for three intensity modulated radiotherapy (imrt) planning techniques for tangential breast irradiation by using ionization chamber measurements. materials and methods: treatment plans were generated for forty-two breast patients by a forward planned field in field technique...

Buparlisib (BKM120) is an oral pan-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, targeting all four isoforms of class I PI3K (α, β, γ and δ). This open-label Phase I dose-escalation study was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose of continuous daily buparlisib in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors. Secondary objectives included safety and tolerability, pharmacokinetics, antitum...

background and objective: alleviation of serum glucose level and lipid profile in diabetic patients using herbal medications is of great importance. in the present study, the effect of oral consumption of olive leaves on serum glucose level and lipid profile was investigated. materials and methods: male wistar rats were divided into four groups including control, control under treatment, diabet...

Introduction: Accurate film dosimetry requires careful consideration of sources of uncertainty. Some of the sources of uncertainty are dependent on the size and location of region of interest (ROI), especially in small fields. Avoiding the penumbra is often a reason for using a small ROI. In contrast, choosing very small ROIs may increase uncertainty due to the reduction of th...