in this paper, we introduce the notion of an action $y_x$as a generalization of the notion of a module,and the notion of a norm $vt: y_xto f$, where $f$ is a field and $vartriangle(xy)vartriangle(y') =$ $ vartriangle(y)vartriangle(xy')$ as well as the notion of fuzzy norm, where $vt: y_xto [0, 1]subseteq {bf r}$, with $bf r$  the set of all real numbers. a great many standard mappings on algebr...

on the basis of a reproducing kernel space, an iterative algorithm for solving the one-dimensional linear and nonlinear schrödinger equations is presented. the analytical solution is shown in a series form in the reproducing kernel space and the approximate solution is constructed by truncating the series. the convergence of the approximate solution to the analytical solution is also proved. th...

Kernel density estimators are the basic tools for density estimation in non-parametric statistics.  The k-nearest neighbor kernel estimators represent a special form of kernel density estimators, in  which  the  bandwidth  is varied depending on the location of the sample points. In this paper‎, we  initially introduce the k-nearest neighbor kernel density estimator in the random left-truncatio...

introduction computed tomography scans are a very important tool for diagnosis and assessment of response to treatment in the practice of medicine. ionizing radiation in medical imaging is undoubtedly one of the most powerful diagnostic tools in medicine. yet, as with all medical interventions, there are potential risks in addition to the clear potential benefits. materials and methods two refe...

introduction:  the  advent  of  dual-modality  pet/ct  scanners  has  revolutionized  clinical  oncology  by  improving lesion localization and facilitating treatment planning for radiotherapy. in addition, the use of  ct images for ct-based attenuation correction (ctac) decreases the overall scanning time and creates  a noise-free  attenuation  map  (6map).  ctac  methods  include  scaling,  s...

Traits related to nitrogen fixation may be used as indirect selection criteria foraflatoxin resistance in peanut. The aim of this study was to investigate therelationship between N2 fixation traits and aflatoxin contamination in peanut underdifferent drought conditions. Eleven peanut genotypes were evaluated under threewater regimes for two seasons in the field. Data were observed on kernel inf...

Nowadays, Radar systems have many applications and radar imaging is one of the most important of these applications. Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) is used to form an image from moving targets. Conventional methods use Fourier transform to retrieve Doppler information. However, because of maneuvering of the target, the Doppler spectrum becomes time-varying and the image is blurred. Joi...

The tasks of image reconstruction from measured data and the analysis of the so produced images are more or less strictly separated. One group computes by applying reconstruction algorithms the images, the other starts out of that by operating on these images to enhance the analysis. First attempts, in a non systematic way, are known, as Lambda tomography or Tikhonov Phillips methods with `1 – ...

By applying multivariate statistical analysis, this research aimed to estimate the heritability and find relationships between the vegetative and reproductive characteristics of Prunus scoparia and Prunus elaeagnifolia. Twenty genotypes of each species were selected randomly from cultivated populations and twenty-two traits including the tree, leaf, flower, nut and kernel attributes were measur...

this research was conducted to study some vegetative and reproductive traits as well as qualitative andquantitative characteristics and their correlation in 80 almond genotypes. qualitative traits were studiedaccording to gulcan descriptor. quantitative traits were analyzed as completely randomized design(crd), with 12 replications. the results showed that genotypes had significant difference i...