In a placebo-controlled double-blind dose-finding trial, 15 patients with ovarian cancer stage III or IV received daily s.c. 1.5, 3, or 6 micrograms/kg recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). At each dose step three patients received recombinant human GM-CSF, and two received placebo. Chemotherapy comprised 6 cycles of carboplatin, 300 mg/m2, and cyclophosph...

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) routine analysis for diagnosis of neurological diseases is based on the concepts for discrimination of blood-derived and brain-derived immunoglobulin fractions in CSF. The actual molecular flux/CSF flow theory of the blood/CSF barrier function, which founded the hyperbolic discrimination lines in quotient diagrams, is derived from the laws of molecular diffusion combin...

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage of the temporal bone region is defined as abnormal communications between the subarachnoidal space and the air-containing spaces of the temporal bone. CSF leak remains one of the most frequent complications after VS surgery. Radiotherapy is considered a predisposing factor for development of temporal bone CSF leak because it may impair dural repair mechanisms, ...

We describe three patients with bilateral cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorhinorrhea with unilateral progressive hearing loss in whom CT showed the defect to be located in the lamina cribrosa of the internal auditory canal. CT cisternography showed the CSF fistula in two of the three patients who had Mondini malformation, whereas the CSF fistula was obvious on the plain high-resolution temporal bo...

Objective The dural sealant patch (DSP) is designed for watertight closure after cranial surgery. goal of this study to assess, the first time, safety and performance DSP as a means reducing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage in patients undergoing elective intradural surgery with procedure. Design First human, open-label, single-arm, multicentre 360-day (12 months) follow-up. Setting Three larg...

II. OVERVIEW By definition, PBI violates the subarachnoid space and creates a potential CSF leak. In addition to leakage from entry or exit sites, a fistula may occur at a remote site because of skull fracture and a dural tear from a blowout mechanism. High-velocity missiles may create transients of extremely high intracranial pressure, which can produce fractures even in the base of the skull....

Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea after septoplasty is a known entity resulting from errors in surgical technique and improper handling of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone. When these occur, urgent management is necessary to prevent deleterious sequelae such as meningitis, intracranial abscess, and pneumocephalus. Encephaloceles are rare occurrences characterized by ...

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is the result of an osseous defect at the skull base coupled with a disruption of the dura mater and arachnoid with a resultant pressure gradient leading to the CSF leak. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is a potentially dangerous condition as the risk of intracranial infection is increased if it persists. Therefore, accurate preoperative localization of...

Cancers, especially of the neural tissue, are often deemed a death sentence. There is, however, still no clear understanding underlying causes nor cellular and molecular mechanisms this disease. The spread collateral damage caused by various types brain tumors remain poorly understood, despite information that is currently available about these diseases. A common means diagnosing through cerebr...

A retrospective analysis was performed on forty cases of spinal cord meningiomas, operated on at Dr. Shariati Hospital from 1976 to 1990. Age and sex distribution, clinical presentation and tumor location were comparable to those reported by others. In males the tumors were distributed evenly in cervical and dorsal areas and were often anterior to the cord. This finding makes a different s...