The creation and use of metaphors is an indispensable element of our mental skills and our ability to use language. Modern studies of metaphor underline its almost unlimited range. Perceived this way, a metaphor is not only a rhetorical figure occurring in poetical language and in several different specific types of discourse. The ability to create and use metaphors is used in everyday and scie...

In this paper, Conceptual Metaphor Theory and cognitive linguistic theories of metonymy and frame semantics are used to explore metaphors for the self in an analysis of Japanese grammar and lexicon. The analysis takes an embodied cognition stance on language-independent phenomena that happen to have (but are not isolated to) surface linguistic indexes. In so doing, this work aims to shed light ...

Debate has raged for decades over what counts as metaphor. Do proverbs, such as better the devil you know than the one you don't, involve metaphor? When we refer to a generic-brand tissue as a Kleenex, is that a metaphor? In this paper, we observe that controversial examples such as these fall into the class of structures called " Generic is Specific " in Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Lakoff & Jo...

With the massive amount of social media data becoming available, there is a rising interest in automatic metaphor detection and interpretation from open social text. One of the most well-known approaches to this subject is identifying the violation of selectional preference. The basic concept of selectional preference is that verbs tend to have semantic preferences of their arguments and that v...

with recently widespread use of mobile phones and sms communication in iran and reformulation of conventional communication practices, short message advertisements have recently started to gain prominence in the world of advertisement as a quick, less costly, available and reliable means of introducing the products and services offered by the companies and institutions. with this in mind, the p...

considering the crucial role textbook evaluation plays in any educational system, this study evaluated 2 textbook series with respect to the identity options they offer to iranian learners of english. data were gathered based on reading passages, dialogues, and pictures of right path to english (rpe) and cambridge english for schools (ces). although this study is mainly qualitative in nature, q...

Optimum arrangement of communication resources for a distance education system to support collaborative learning, including hand-manipulation of physical objects, was empirically investigated. The authors propose a ‘body metaphor’ concept, which follows the ordinary body arrangement in everyday instruction. It allows: (1) to display instructor’s pointer; (2) to display instructor’s face; (3) to...

The concept of attention is defined by multiple inconsistent metaphors that scientists use to identify relevant phenomena, frame hypotheses, construct experiments, and interpret data. (1) The Filter metaphor shapes debates about partial vs. complete filtering, early vs. late selection, and information filtering vs. enhancement. (2) The Spotlight metaphor raises the issue of spacevs. object-base...

introduction: psychological symptoms of non-cardiac chest pain (nccp) including perceptual, emotional, and behavioral problems can effect patient perception of chest pain. this study was conducted to determine the effect of metaphor therapy on mitigating depression, anxiety, stress, and pain discomfort in patients with nccp. materials and methods: this randomized, controlled, trial was conducte...