The hydro-distilled essential oil from dried aerial parts of one of widespread Iranian skullcaps, Scutellaria pinnatifida A. Hamilt. sap. alpina (Bornm.) Rech. grown in Khorassan province was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Thirty components were characterized ing 93.8% of the total components detected. The major components of the oil were germacrene-D (39.7%) and beta-caryophyllene (15.0%).

A New Alkaloid named Sracosalgnenone [ (20S) -20(dimethylamino) -3β-tigoloyl-pregn-5, 16-diene-4-one] was isolated from sarcococca saligna and its structure was established on the basis of spectroscopic techniques includingH, C-NMR and inverse 2D-NMR techniques (DEPT, HMQC and HMBC) UV, MS etc.

P Aksoy-Sagirli, T Yilmaz-Ozden, N Ozsoy, B Ozbek Celik, S Kultur & G Melikoglu Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116 Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116 Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116 Istanbul, Turkey; Department ...

Host shifts of phytophagous insect specialists to novel plants can result in divergent ecological adaptation, generating reproductive isolation and potentially new species. Rhagoletis pomonella fruit flies in eastern North America underwent a host shift ~160 ya from native downy hawthorn (Crataegus mollis) to introduced, domesticated apple (Malus domestica). Divergent selection on diapause phen...

Diospyros kaki folium, Laminaria japonica thallus and Undaria pinnatifida thallus have been used traditionally in Korea to promote maternal health. The scavenging activity against DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radicals of the methanol extracts of these plants were investigated. The extract of D. kaki was found to be the most potent, with an IC(50) value of 0.11 mg/ml.

Four new species of opiine Braconidae are described from Mexico. These are Diachasmimorpha martinalujai Wharton reared from Rhagoletis infesting fruits of Crataegus spp., Diachasmimorpha norrbomi Wharton reared from Euphranta mexicana infesting fruits of Ribes pringlei, Eurytenes (Stigmatopoea) norrbomi Wharton reared from Trypeta concolor mining leaves of Barkleyanthus salicifolia and Eurytene...