The Acceleration Severity Index (ASI) is used to evaluate the potential for occupant risk in full-scale crash tests involving roadside safety hardware. Despite its widespread use across Europe, there is a lack of research relating this metric to occupant injury in real-world collisions. Recent installation of Event Data Recorders (EDRs) in a number of late model vehicles presents a different pe...

OBJECTIVES To estimate the contribution of driver sleepiness to the causes of car crash injuries. DESIGN Population based case control study. SETTING Auckland region of New Zealand, April 1998 to July 1999. PARTICIPANTS 571 car drivers involved in crashes where at least one occupant was admitted to hospital or killed ("injury crash"); 588 car drivers recruited while driving on public road...

The accurate evaluation of crash causal factors can provide fundamental information for effective transportation policy, vehicle design, and driver education. Naturalistic driving (ND) data collected with multiple onboard video cameras and sensors provide a unique opportunity to evaluate risk factors during the seconds leading up to a crash. This paper uses a National Academy of Sciences-sponso...

Based on a robustness concept adapted from mathematical statistics, we investigate robust optimal investment strategies for worst-case crash scenarios when the maximum crash height is not known a priori. We specify an efficiency criterion in terms of the certainty equivalents of optimal terminal wealth and explicitly solve the investor’s portfolio problem for crra risk preferences. We also stud...

BACKGROUND The Impact of Cataracts on Mobility project has previously demonstrated that older drivers with cataract have an elevated risk of motor vehicle collision. OBJECTIVE To examine what types of visual impairment serve as a basis of the increased crash risk of older drivers with cataract. METHODS AND DESIGN A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 274 older drivers with cataract an...

This paper presents a driver performance map of braking and steering in response to three driving scenarios that lead to rear-end crashes. This map encompasses low risk, conflict, near-crash, and crash imminent driving states that correspond to advisory warning, crash imminent warning, and crash mitigation functionalities for intelligent vehicle rear-end crash countermeasures. Specifically, thi...

Studies assessing the impact of epilepsy and its medication on the risk of road traffic crashes have shown inconsistent results. The aim in this study was to assess this risk using French databases. Data from three French national databases were extracted and matched: the national health care insurance database, police reports, and the national police database of injurious crashes. Only antiepi...

road traffic crashes (rtcs) account for great mortality and morbidity rates worldwide, resulting in substantial global burden. factors contributing to rtc generally fall into three categories: environmental, vehicle, and human, with the human factor being by far the leading determinant. obtaining an in-depth exploration of driving behavior and factors underpinning risky driving could be of part...

OBJECTIVE To determine the rate of new onset of widespread pain after a traumatic event (motor vehicle crash). METHODS A prospective cohort study of persons registered with an insurance company who had or had not experienced a motor vehicle crash. All participants were sent a questionnaire to assess pre-crash (or for the non-crash group, prior) psychosocial factors and widespread pain. Partic...

This paper investigates the systemic risk contributions of each financial institution during stock market crash in China using beta. Based on FARM-Selection (Factor Adjusted Regularized Model Selection) approach, we calculate beta, implying importance crash. We find that security firms are main contributors to risk. In addition, some macro variables have a significant influence risk, including ...