To investigate the toxic mechanism of hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) and search for an antidote for Cr(VI)-induced cytotoxicity, a study of mitochondrial dysfunction induced by Cr(VI) and cell survival by recovering mitochondrial function was performed. In the present study, we found that the gene expression of electron transfer flavoprotein dehydrogenase (ETFDH) was strongly downregulated by Cr(VI...

In this study, Fe(III)-cross-linked chitosan beads (Fe(III)-CBs) were synthesized and employed to explore the characteristics and primary mechanism of their hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) adsorption under low concentration Cr(VI) (less than 20.0 mg l-1) and a pH range from 2.0 to 8.0. Batch tests were conducted to determine the Cr(VI) adsorption capacity and kinetics, and the effects of pH and te...

The use of Cr(VI) compounds in leather tanning, pigment production and stainless steel welding can pose serious hazards to workers in these industries, since Cr(VI) is a documented human carcinogen.1 Epidemiological studies have shown that occupational exposure to Cr(VI) increases the risk of workers developing cancer of the lung and the sinonasal cavity and many countries limit both water solu...

Chromium is abundant in nature and has a dominant presence in most of the effluent streams as compared to other heavy metal ions. The presence of highly toxic and carcinogenic hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in effluent streams is a major environmental issue. The electroplating and tannery industry effluents are the major source for the Cr(VI) production in wastewater streams. The present work dea...

Hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI]) is associated with occupational lung cancer and poses a significant public health concern. When exposed to Cr[VI], cells rapidly internalize this compound and metabolize it to Cr[III]. Byproducts of Cr[VI] metabolism include unstable Cr[V] and Cr[IV] intermediates that are believed to be directly responsible for the genotoxicity and carcinogenicity caused by Cr[VI] ...

BACKGROUND Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a common environmental pollutant. Cr(VI) exposure can lead to severe damage in the liver, but the preventive measures to diminish Cr(VI)-induced hepatotoxicity need further study. Acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) is responsible for the production of ceramide via the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin. The present study was designed to investigate effects of des...

Strong anion exchange resin (Spectra/Gel IE 1x8) has been investigated as adsorbent for the efficient removal of Cr(VI) ions from synthetic wastewater solutions. Batch experiments were conducted with initial Cr(VI) ions concentration ranging from 25-300 mg/L. Different parameters influencing Cr(VI) adsorption process such as; solution pH, Cr(VI) and adsorbent concentration and contact time were...

The wood preservative chromated copper arsenate (CCA) contains hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] and the conversion of Cr(VI) to trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] drives fixation of the treatment chemicals to the wood fibers. Since the toxicity of Cr depends on its valence state, an assessment of the Cr species occurring in CCA-treated wood, as well as leachates and ashes from CCA-treated wood, is helpfu...