BACKGROUND The primary motor cortex (M1) is an effective target of non-invasive cortical stimulation (NICS) for pain threshold modulation. It has been suggested that the initial level of cortical excitability of M1 plays a key role in the plastic effects of NICS. OBJECTIVE Here we investigate whether transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) primed 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic s...

Neurons in the barrel cortex and the thalamus respond preferentially to stimulation of one whisker (the principal whisker) and weakly to several adjacent whiskers. Cortical neurons, unlike thalamic cells, gradually adapt to repeated whisker stimulations. Whether cortical adaptation is specific to the stimulated whisker is not known. The aim of this intracellular study was to determine whether t...

Background: Recently, ultrasonic neuromodulation research has been an important and interesting issue. Ultrasonic neuromodulation is possible by the use of low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) to stimulate or inhibit the neural structures. The primary capability of this method is the improvement in the treatment progress of certain neurological and psychiatric disorders noninvas...

Recently, multifocal transcranial current stimulation (tCS) devices using several relatively small electrodes have been used to achieve more focal stimulation of specific cortical targets. However, it is becoming increasingly recognized that many behavioral manifestations of neurological and psychiatric disease are not solely the result of abnormality in one isolated brain region but represent ...

The field of non-invasive brain stimulation has developed significantly over the last two decades. Though two techniques of noninvasive brain stimulation--transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)--are becoming established tools for research in neuroscience and for some clinical applications, related techniques that also show some promising clini...

Congenital deafness affects developmental processes in the auditory cortex. In this study, local field potentials (LFPs) were mapped at the cortical surface with microelectrodes in response to cochlear implant stimulation. LFPs were compared between hearing controls and congenitally deaf cats (CDCs). Pulsatile electrical stimulation initially evoked cortical activity in the rostral parts of the...

Notwithstanding the apparent demands regarding fine motor skills that are required to perform in action video games, nervous system of players has not been studied systematically. In present study, we hypothesized find differences sensorimotor performance and corticospinal characteristics between game (Players) Controls. We tested games tasks used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) measure...

Control over postinjury CNS plasticity is a major frontier of science that, if conquered, would open new avenues for treatment of neurological disorders. Here we investigate the functional, physiological, and structural changes in the cerebral cortex associated with chronic deep brain stimulation of the cerebellar output, a treatment approach that has been shown to improve postischemia motor re...