Purpose: local therapeutic cooling to soft tissue is known to sometimes cause necrosis and neuropathy via cold-induced ischemia. The purpose of this study is to quantify the occurrence and persistence of cold-induced ischemia associated with cryotherapy. Methods: Fda approved or exempt cryotherapy devices were applied for localized cooling on human subjects via recommended user protocols. Subje...

High resolution X-ray observations indicate that the entropy profiles in the central regions of some massive cooling flow clusters are well approximated by powerlaws. McCarthy and coworkers recently accounted for this trend with an analytic model that includes the detailed effects of radiative cooling. Interestingly, these authors found that cooling (and subsequent inflow of the gas) naturally ...

the wind pressure is one of the important loads on cooling towers which can be computed via numerical solution of the wind flow. in this paper, the effects of turbulent modeling on accurate computations of wind pressure on a cooling tower with base structure are investigated. for this propose, the results of a finite element flow solver using various commonly used turbulence models are compared...

Cooling rates inferred from water speciation in rhyolitic glass inclusions in quartz phenocrysts from the Bishop Tuff, California, vary over more than 5 orders of magnitude from about 10 to <10–4 C s–1. Many of the cooling rates are within the previously published, experimentally calibrated range of this technique but the slowest rates (<10–4 C s–1) are extrapolated. Such extrapolation suggests...

A thermal lattice Boltzmann method (TLBM) is used for analysis of flow and heat transfer in two-dimensional channels. Simulation results are presented for thermal Couette and thermal Poiseuille channel flows. Analytical solution for temperature field in hydraulically and thermally developed flows are used to verify the current TLBM results. The method is further applied to study the forced conv...

We study the influence of converging cooling flow bulk motions on the SunyaevZel’dovich (SZ) effect. To that purpose we derive a modified Kompaneets equation which takes into account the contribution of the accelerated electron media of the cooling flow inside the cluster frame. The additional term is different from the usual kinematic SZ-effect, which depends linearly on the velocity, whereas ...