International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development The use of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge (ATK) has been characterized by lack of regulation and unfair benefit sharing. This picture began to change only in 1993, when the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) came into force recognizing national sovereignty over genetic resources and the need for benefit sha...

s of Poster Presentations at the Second Meeting of the Ad Hoc Open-ended Working Group on Protected Areas, 11–15 February 2008 in Rome, Italy CBD Technical Series No. 35 Implementation of the CBD Programme of Work on Protected Areas: Progress and Perspectives Abstracts of Poster Presentations at the Second Meeting of the Ad Hoc Open-ended Working Group on Protected Areas, 11–15 February 2008 in...

This article considers those monoids S satisfying one or both of the finitary properties (R) and (r), focussing for the most part on inverse monoids. These properties arise from questions of axiomatisability of classes of S-acts, and appear to be of interest in their own right. If S weakly right noetherian (WRN), that is, S has the ascending chain condition on right ideals, then certainly (r) h...

There is a close natural connection in tourism and Convention & Exposition (C&E) since they are mutually affected and promoted. This study attempts to theoretically analyze the tourism effect and marketing tactics of the C&E industry. To do this, the inductive method and value train theory are introduced to analyze the supply and demand of tourism. Findings reveal that not only can C&E produce ...

Lack of a universally accepted and comprehensive taxonomy of cybercrime seriously impedes international efforts to accurately identify, report and monitor cybercrime trends. There is, not surprisingly, a corresponding disconnect internationally on the cybercrime legislation front, a much more serious problem and one which the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) says requires ‘the urgent...

(Mountain biodiversity in Brazil). The high species richness and diversity found in tropical montane habitats are often related to: 1) an effect of climatic and geological history on biotic evolution; 2) the various environmental impacts on species adaptation mechanisms; and 3) the continuous dispersal of fauna and flora in time. However, little is known about how these factors shaped species r...

Amphibian chytridiomycosis has caused precipitous declines in hundreds of species worldwide. By tracking mountain chicken (Leptodactylus fallax) populations before, during and after the emergence of chytridiomycosis, we quantified the real-time species level impacts of this disease. We report a range-wide species decline amongst the fastest ever recorded, with a loss of over 85% of the populati...

Identifying which areas capture how many species is the first question in conservation planning. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) aspires to formal protection of at least 17% of the terrestrial world and, through the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation, 60% of plant species. Are these targets of protecting area and species compatible? We show that 67% of plant species live entire...

Many conservation professionals are familiar with the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the Ramsar Convention, and the World Heritage Convention. Regional instruments, such as those focusing on Africa, Antarctica, or Europe, are also conspicuous features of the conservation a...