Recent observational analysis reveals the central role of three multi-cloud types, congestus, stratiform, and deep convective cumulus clouds, in the dynamics of large scale convectively coupled Kelvin waves, westward propagating two-day waves, and the Madden–Julian oscillation. The authors have recently developed a systematic model convective parametrization highlighting the dynamic role of the...

This study uses Dynamics of theMadden–Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) shipborne [Research Vessel (R/V) Roger Revelle] radar and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar (PR) datasets to investigate MJO-associated convective systems in specific organizational modes [mesoscale convective system (MCS) versus sub-MCS and linear versus nonlinear]. TheRevelle radar sampledmany ‘‘cli...

[1] Airborne Doppler radar data collected during the Hurricane Rainband and Intensity Change Experiment (RAINEX) show the convective-scale air motions embedded in the principal rainbands of hurricanes Katrina and Rita. These embedded convective cells have overturning updrafts and low-level downdrafts (originating at 2–4 km) that enter the rainband on its radially outward side and cross over eac...

hypothermia generates potentially severe complications in operating or recovery room. forced air warmer is effective to maintain body temperature. extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (elf-emf) is harmful to human body and mainly produced by electronic equipment including convective air warming system. we investigated elf-emf from convective air warming device on various temperature se...

The intra-seasonal variability of the Indian summer monsoon, which manifests in the form of “active” and “break” phases in rainfall, is investigated with respect to the variability of the convective and stratiform precipitating cloud pattern over the region. Long period data from TRMM PR satellite (2A23 and 3B42 datasets) for the monsoon season of 2002 to 2010 over the Indian subcontinent is us...

The convective injection and subsequent fate of the peroxides H2O2 and CH3OOH in the upper troposphere is investigated using aircraft observations from the NASA Pacific Exploratory Mission Tropics (A) (PEM-Tropics (A)) over the South Pacific up to 12-km altitude. Fresh convective outflow is identified by high CH3I concentrations; CH3I is an excellent tracer of marine convection because of its r...

A new frontier in weather forecasting is emerging by operational forecast models now being run at convection-permitting resolutions at many national weather services. However, this is not a panacea; significant systematic errors remain in the character of convective storms and rainfall distributions. The DYMECS project (Dynamical and Microphysical Evolution of Convective Storms) is taking a fun...

This study utilizes TRMM satellite precipitation radar, lightning imaging sensor, and passive microwave imager data together with ground-based lightning data to investigate the vertical structure, lightning, and rainfall characteristics of Amazonian and sub-tropical South American convection for three separate wet-seasons. These characteristics are partitioned as a function of 850 mb zonal wind...

In this paper we continue the study of the Diagonally IMplicit-EXplicit Runge-Kutta (DIMEX-RK) methods that we proposed in the first part of this work in the framework of Finite Volume methods for unstructured grids. These new numerical approximation schemes are based on a special splitting of the physical and numerical flux vector functions into a convective and a non-convective part. In the f...

Solutions are obtained for convective regions in a continuously stratified, linearized primitive equation model using a smoothly posed moist convective adjustment parameterization of cumulus convection. In the approximation in which the convective adjustment time is fast compared to other processes, the vertical structure of the temperature field is constrained to be close to the quasi-equilibr...