Organic contaminant and total mercury concentrations were compared in four species of lamniform sharks over several age classes to examine bioaccumulation patterns and gain insights into trophic ecology. Contaminants found in young of the year (YOY) sharks were assumed to be derived from maternal sources and used as a proxy to investigate factors that influence maternal offloading processes. YO...

Candidate OSPAR/ICES recommended biomarkers at the level of the individual in Mytilus edulis for determination of good environmental status for MSFD were evaluated against contaminant levels at sites around Ireland. The sites chosen ranged from moderate to low pollution levels, but the actual ranking of the sites varied according to the contaminant levels present. At the most contaminated site,...

A hybrid numerical model for simulating atmospheric contaminant dispersion is developed. The hybrid numerical scheme employs an hp-adaptive finite element method coupled with a Lagrangian particle transport technique to solve the governing equations for atmospheric flow and species transport. A random walk/stochastic approach is used to generate Lagrangian particles that define the contaminant ...

6 High sensitivity methods such as next generation sequencing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are adversely impacted by organismal and DNA contaminants. Current methods for detecting contaminants in microbial materials (genomic DNA and cultures) are not sensitive enough and require either a known or culturable contaminant. Therefore, high sensitivity methods not requiring a priori assumptio...

Microplastics (MPs) are prevalent in marine ecosystems. Because toxicants (termed here "co-contaminants") can sorb to MPs, there is potential for MPs to alter co-contaminant bioavailability. Our objective was to demonstrate sorption of two co-contaminants with different physicochemistries [phenanthrene (Phe), log10Kow=4.57; and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), log10Kow=3.67] to MPs; and assess wheth...

Contaminant inputs from wastewater discharge, a major source of contamination to Santa Monica Bay (SMB), have declined drastically during the last three decades as a result of improved treatment processes and better source control. To assess the concomitant temporal changes in the SMB sediments, a study was initiated in June 1997, in which 25 box cores were collected using a stratified random s...

With the aim of investigating the effects of carbonaceous sorbent amendment on plant health and end point contaminant bioavailability, plant experiments were set up to grow maize (Zea mays) in soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals. Maize and pine derived biochars, as well as a commercial grade activated carbon, were used as amendments. Plant growth characteri...

The author used a recent article on lindane (γ-hexachloro-cyclohexane) reductive dechlorination by Fe/Pd bimetallics to point out that many other of published works in several journals do not conform to the state-of-the-art knowledge on the mechanism of aqueous contaminant removal by metallic iron (e.g. in Fe(0)/H(2)O systems). It is the author's view that the contribution of adsorbed Fe(II) to...

Multizone airflow network models assume that in a zone air temperature and contaminant concentrations are uniform, and air momentum effects are neglected. These assumptions could cause errors for airflow with strong buoyancy, large contaminant concentration gradient, or strong momentum. This study has found the correlations of the errors and some dimensionless air parameters. The assumption of ...

Abstract Dispersivity is a measurable parameter in soil porous media that used for studying the transport of contaminants to groundwater. The value this depends on various factors, including kind (homogeneous or heterogeneous), flow velocity, initial contaminant concentration, travel distance, and sampling method. A physical model with dimensions 0.10 m width, 0.80 height, 1.10 length was const...