ultrasonic technology as an innovative technology may be used for water and wastewater treatment for pollution removal. this technology acts as an advanced oxidation process. application of this technology leads to the decomposition of many com­plex organic compounds to much simpler compounds during physical and chemical compounds during cavitation proc­ess. in this article review, some applica...

Since activating the International Space Station’s ( IS9 Service Module in November 2000, archival air quality samples have shown highly variable concentrations of octafluoropropane in the cabin. This variability has been directly linked to leakage from air conditioning systems on board the Service Module, Zvezda. While octafluoropropane is not highly toxic, it presents a significant challenge ...

Phenolic contaminants can become irreversibly bound to organic matrices in soils and sediments. The bound chemicals have been shown to possess attenuated environmental mobilities and reduced bioavailabilities. The purpose of this ongoing study is to a) evaluate the factors affecting binding of phenols to natural soils, sediments and aquifer material, and b) utilize this information to develop i...

This paper presents an experimental and computational investigation of coupled consolidation and contaminant transport in compressible porous media. Numerical simulations were performed using the CST2 computational model in which a dual-Lagrangian framework is used to separately follow the motions of fluid and solid phases during consolidation. Diffusion and large strain consolidation tests wer...

Spatial oscillations in soil contaminant concentration profiles are sometimes observed, but rarely commented on, or are attributed to noisy data. In this paper we consider a possible mechanism for the occurrence of oscillatory reactant profiles within contaminant plumes. The bioremediative reactions which occur are effected by bacteria, whose rôle is normally conceived of as being passive. Here...

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and numerical investigations of particle inhalability and contaminant exposure have used simple geometrical surrogates for a breathing human form, but the effect of eliminating facial features has not been investigated. In this work, the velocity field and particle aspiration associated with two differently shaped mannequins were investigated to determine if a...

Synthetic peptides are widely used in immunological research as epitopes to stimulate their cognate T cells. These preparations are never completely pure, but trace contaminants are commonly revealed by mass spectrometry quality controls. In an effort to characterize novel major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class I-restricted β-cell epitopes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, we identified i...

Quantification of risks to the ecosystem is necessary for cost-effective remediation strategies. Contaminant endpoints need to be established that consider the bioavailability of toxicants in soil. The challenge is to develop methods that assign risk to the bioavailable toxic contaminants, thereby protecting ecosystems, while balancing remediation costs. Our objective was to evaluate changes in...

A theoretical investigation of factors affecting gas phase transport of volatile organic compounds in unsaturated zone is presented. Studying annual soil temperature variation with time and depth declares that there is a considerable temperature variation in the upper few meters that may affect the overall natural mass transport of volatile organic compounds. A one-dimensional mathematical mode...