Lumbriculus variegatus and Diporeia spp. were exposed to two contaminant pairs 3H-benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 14C-2,4,5,2'4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (HCBP), and 3H-pyrene (PY) and 14C-3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCBP) sorbed to each of seven field-collected sediments of varying composition. Toxicokinetic coefficients, bioaccumulation factors (BAF), and biota-sediment accumulation factors ([BSAF],...

We are interested in a DDDAS problem of localization of airborne contaminant releases in regional atmospheric transport models from sparse observations. Given measurements of the contaminant over an observation window at a small number of points in space, and a velocity field as predicted for example by a mesoscopic weather model, we seek an estimate of the state of the contaminant at the begin...

Aquatic plants take up and sequester organic contaminants such as chlorophenols through incorporation in cell wall materials and storage in vacuoles. The ultimate fate of plant-sequestered chlorophenols, however, remains unclear. This research investigated 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) sequestration by the aquatic plant Lemna minor and evaluated contaminant release and bioavailability after plan...

A new method, passive flux meter (PFM), has been developed and field-tested for simultaneously measuring contaminant and groundwater fluxes in the saturated zone at hazardous waste sites. The PFM approach uses a sorptive permeable medium placed in either a borehole or monitoring well to intercept contaminated groundwater and release "resident" tracers. The sorbent pack is placed in a groundwate...

The Cape Fear shiner (Notropis mekistocholas) is a recently described cyprinid species endemic to the Cape Fear River Basin of North Carolina, USA. Only five populations of the fish remain; thus, it is listed as endangered by the U.S. Government. Determining habitat requirements of the Cape Fear shiner, including water quality and physical habitat, is critical to the survival and future restora...

Currently, performance assessment (PA) modelling for nuclear waste repositories reliesheavily on the Kd approach which empirically averages contaminant retardation over a range ofconditions in the hope that uncertainties are treated conservatively. Mechanistic approaches arerare or non-existent, often because of lack of information. However, recently developed high-resolution, s...

The cost of nosocomial infections in the United States is estimated to be $4 billion to $5 billion annually. Applying a scientifically based analysis to disease transmission and performing a site specific risk analysis to determine the design of the ventilation system can provide real and long term cost savings. Using a scientific approach and convincing data, this paper hypothetically illustra...

A mathematical model for the transport of hydrophobic organic contaminants in an aquifer under simplistic riverbank filtration conditions is developed. The model considers a situation where contaminants are present together with dissolved organic matter (DOM) and bacteria. The aquifer is conceptualized as a four-phase system: two mobile colloidal phases, an aqueous phase, and a stationary solid...

In-situ air sparging has evolved as an innovative technique for soil and groundwater remediation impacted with volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including chlorinated solvents. These may exist as non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) or dissolved in groundwater. This study assessed: (1) how air injection rate affects the mass removal of dissolved phase contamination, (2) the effect of induced ground...