Beatboxing is a tradition of vocal percussion which originates in 1980s hip-hop, and is closely connected with hip-hop culture. It involves the vocal imitation of drum machines as well as drums and other percussion, and typically also the simultaneous imitation of basslines, melodies, and vocals, to create an illusion of polyphonic music. It may be performed a capella or with amplification. In ...

Macro measurement is a long and arduous process that impinges upon the system of national accounts. The challenge it raises is driven by the demand of economic policy. In present time the need will arise with sustainable growth that mixes environmental concern and development policy. It calls for no less than a sea change in national accounting, from a system of income and expenditure accounts ...

Most public discussion of climate change has focused on long-term considerations, such as raised temperatures and sea level, extremes of weather, alterations in the ecology of infectious diseases, or radical changes in land use (1, 2). However, the same actions that can reduce the long-term buildup of greenhouse gases (GHG)--reductions in burning of fossil fuels--can also yield powerful, immedi...

Amid growing concerns about climate change and long-term petroleum reserves, the food system looms large as a major user of fossil fuels and, as a result, producer of greenhouse gases (GHG). Indeed, these twin problems may be the significant drivers that catalyze change in the food system in the 21 century. Already we are witnessing a stream of new policies aimed at reducing greenhouse gases, i...

INTRODUCTION Pancreatic disease can be complicated by extrabdominal manifestations such as panniculitis and polyarthritis. The symptomatic triad comprising pancreatic disease, panniculitis and polyarthritis is also known as PPP syndrome and is characterized by severe chronic sequels and high mortality rate. We describe a case of PPP syndrome successfully treated with spleen preserving total pan...

Peptides isolated from atrial extracts possess potent natriuretic and diuretic activities. In general, these peptides, called atrial natriuretic factors (ANFs), oppose the actions of the water-conservatory peptides angiotensin II and vasopressin and are released from the heart in response to atrial stretch as a consequence of increased venous return. The recent description of ANF-like immunorea...

We evaluated cerebral activation maps of 43 subjects with respect to their classical singing skills. Professional opera singers, music conservatory vocal students, and medical students overtly sung parts of an Italian aria in a sparse sampling functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) experiment. Professional opera singers compared to medical students revealed increased activation in bilateral dorso...

Oftentimes when we listen to a familiar singer, the unique qualities of that performer’s voice allow us to establish the singer’s identity with relative ease. It is believed that the unique acoustic qualities of an individual singer’s voice arise from a combination of innate physical factors (e.g. vocal tract and vocal fold physiology) and individual characteristics of performance and expressio...

An applicationspecific, musictranscription approach uses a customized human– computer interface to combine the strengths of humans and computers to enhance music transcription through instrument modeling and multimedia fusion. A utomatic music transcription (AMT) refers to the ability of computers to write note information—such as the pitch, onset time, duration, and source of each sound— after...

Chinese-American composer Chen Yi has been praised as “the most internationally renowned female Asian composer of contemporary music today,” and she “has in particular become a prominent figure in music circles in the United States and China.” Besides her successes in writing orchestral and chamber music, Chen Yi has also written numerous vocal compositions including some art songs. This docume...