Paper aging and conservation are matters of concern to those responsible for archives and library collections. Wood-derived fibers are mainly composed of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin, but paper composition can also include additives, such as starch, minerals, and synthetic polymers. Therefore, paper is a multi-component material, and because of its complex and varied nature, research f...

70 households living in two communes in the buffer zone of Bach Ma National Park were interviewed in order to qualify and quantify their utilization of forest products from the protected area. The interviewees were also asked to specify the environmental services they receive from t he National Park. Utilization of forest products still plays an important role for supporting the livelihoods of ...

Seeds are important materials for the restoration of globally-threatened marine angiosperm (seagrass) populations. In this study, we investigated the differences between different Ruppia sinensis seed types and developed two feasible long-term R. sinensis seed storage methods. The ability of R. sinensis seeds to tolerate the short-term desiccation and extreme cold had been investigated. The tol...

A suite of interacting processes and mechanisms enables tolerance of desiccation and storage (conservation) of orthodox seeds in the dry state. While this is a long-term option under optimized conditions, dry orthodox seeds are not immortal, with life spans having been characterized as short, intermediate and long. Factors facilitating desiccation tolerance are metabolic "switch-off" and intrac...

Global trends in the efficiency, safety of energy systems and conservation actualize task developing new technologies for storage transportation. The article considers current accumulation thermal energy, which can be used central heating systems, draws conclusions about feasibility their use. Also, classification is presented. most perspective storage, to equalize load on source ensure peak de...

Introduction Conservation tillage systems using sweep plows or field cultivators leave a high percentage of crop residues on the soil surface, which protects the soil from wind and water erosion (Johnson, 1950; Jones and Johnson, 1982; Allen and Fenster, 1986; Johnson et al., 1974). These systems have been successful in semiarid areas because meager rainfall after plowing does not allow weeds t...