Thymine is reduced in dimethyl sulfoxide (E 1/2 of -2.4 V); the decrease in apparent faradaic IZ from one at infinite dilution to two-thirds at concentrations above 2 m&Z is due to proton transfer by thymine to the initially formed radical anion and the anion formed on reduction of the resulting free radical, which is more easily reduced than the parent compound. The proton transfer, which is m...

Basic relation between numerical range and Davis-Wielandt shell of an operator $A$ acting on a Hilbert space with orthonormal basis $xi={e_{i}|i in I}$ and its conjugate $bar{A}$ which is introduced in this paper are obtained. The results are used to study the relation between point spectrum, approximate spectrum and residual spectrum of $A$ and $bar{A}$. A necessary and sufficient condition fo...

We consider numeration systems where digits are integers and the base is an algebraic number β such that |β| > 1 and β satisfies a polynomial where one coefficient is dominant in a certain sense. For this class of bases β, we can find an alphabet of signed-digits on which addition is realizable by a parallel algorithm in constant time. This algorithm is a kind of generalization of the one of Av...

A new mechanistic approach for the catalytic, enantioselective conjugate addition of nitrogen-based nucleophiles to acceptor-substituted alkenes is reported, which is based on a visible light induced and phosphate base promoted transfer of a single electron from a nitrogen nucleophile to a catalyst-bound acceptor-substituted alkene, followed by a stereocontrolled C-N bond formation through ster...

Carbonic acid (H2CO3) is a molecule right at the interface between organic and inorganic chemistry. In fact, according to some definitions it is an organic molecule, while according to others it is an inorganic molecule. Its exceptionality can also be recognized from the fact that it formally belongs neither to the mononor dicarboxylic acids, even though it is a C1 diprotic acid. The diprotic n...

elisa data is usually handled in the ms excel worksheets through different methods and different formulas. accurate and precise calculations of the data is time consuming and tedious. elisa analyzer was developed with a user friendly interface to streamline titration and analysis of the data obtained from elisa and improve rapid and lucid presentation of the results. the software can also help ...

The efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) as an antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agent highly depends on its blood circulation half-life. In our previous study, different conjugates of MTX (MTX-PEG) were synthesized, their physicochemical properties were investigated and MTX-PEG5000 was finally selected as optimum drug-conjugate for further investigations. In the current work, first the stability of MT...

OBJECTIVES To analyze the behavior of meningococcal disease in the Federal District, Brazil, from 2005 to 2011, and to assess the direct impact of the meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine. METHODS A descriptive study of cases of meningococcal disease among residents of the Federal District. We included in the study confirmed cases of meningococcal disease reported to the local surveill...

Ionic interactions in the two systems NaCl-HEPES (N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid) and NaCl-MOPSO (3-(N-Morpholino)-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid) have been studied in terms of their mutual influence on the respective activity coefficients of each component. Activity coefficients for each component of the two systems and for corresponding buffers are calculated from emf meas...

This investigation proposes the novel radix4 and radix-4 algorithms with the low computational complexities of the radix-16 and radix-64 algorithms but the lower hardware requirement of the radix-4 algorithm. Base on the serial delay feedback path pipeline architecture, the proposed design adopts a multiplierless radix-4 butterfly structure to support 4096-point FFT/IFFT computations. Moreover,...