discussion children with congenital heart disease are at risk of acquiring gram-negative endocarditis even if they have not had other predisposing factors. case presentation in this study a ten-year-old boy with ventricular septal defect, who was not immune compromised and acquired klebsiella endocarditis is introduced. the patient had a favorable response to medical treatment and underwent a s...

Background:Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the commonest of all congenital lesions and most common type among children. Congenital disease, in a definition proposed by Mitchell et al gross structural abnormality or intrathoracic great vessels that actually potentially functional significance. It cause major anomalies, representing global health problem. Twenty-eight percent anomalies consist ...

The caregivers of children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery are under stress due to the uncertainty of the surgical outcome and the stressful experience of being admitted in an intensive care unit. The current review describes the factors associated with parental stress in patients with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery. These factors can be grouped int...

INTRODUCTION Congenital heart diseases are among the most common congenital malformations at birth with an incidence of 8/1,000 live births. These defects are characterized by a heterogeneous group of abnormal defects and connections between the cardiac chambers and vessels with different haemodynamic consequences and hence, varying need for follow-up and interventions. The most common forms ar...

In lymphedema, various types of congenital and acquired anomalies opened vessels nodes are observed. They often lead to cardiac hypertension, valvular insufficiency, lymphedema. Today, secondary lymphostasis ranks first among the pathologies system extremities. The etiology this situation, which results in a mechanical disease current lymphatic system, is very different. However, most common ca...

Three hundred and thirty-four pediatric patients less than 4 years old who underwent surgery for congenital heart disease were retrospectively studied to devise a practical formula for predicting the appropriate size for an uncuffed endotracheal tube for pediatric cardiac anesthesia. Furthermore, this formula was compared with that for non-cardiac anesthesia obtained from 409 patients without c...

Congenital heart defects affect approximately 1 in every 100 live births, and deficits in the formation of the mitral, tricuspid, and outflow tract valves account for 20-25% of all cardiac malformations. Mutations in genes that affect Ras signaling have been identified in individuals with congenital valve disease associated with Noonan syndrome and neurofibromatosis type 1. Dissection of Ras-re...