this study presents a comparative survey of direct methods for solving variational problems. thisproblems can be used to solve various differential equations in physics and chemistry like rateequation for a chemical reaction. there are procedures that any type of a differential equation isconvertible to a variational problem. therefore finding the solution of a differential equation isequivalen...

Tailored biomaterials with tunable functional properties are desirable for many applications ranging from drug delivery to regenerative medicine. To improve the predictability of biopolymer materials functionality, multiple design parameters need to be considered, along with appropriate models. In this article we review the state of the art of synthesis and processing related to the design of b...

A procedure is proposed to perform ship hydrodynamics computations for a wide range of velocities in a single run, herein called the computational towing tank. The method is based on solving the fluid flow equations using an inertial earth-fixed reference frame, and ramping up the ship speed slowly such that the time derivatives become negligible and the local solution corresponds to a quasi st...

In this paper we give a new abstract framework for the study of Knuth-Bendix type completion procedures, which are regarded as semidecision procedures for theorem proving. First, we extend the classical proof ordering approach started in [6] in such a way that proofs of different theorems can also be compared. This is necessary for the application of proof orderings to theorem proving derivatio...

At the end of the eighties, continuous Petri nets were introduced for: (1) alleviating the combinatory explosion triggered by discrete Petri nets (i.e. usual Petri nets) and, (2) modelling the behaviour of physical systems whose state is composed of continuous variables. Since then several works have established that the computational complexity of deciding some standard behavioural properties ...

Emphasis has been placed on improving patient outcomes in healthcare management. Significant patient morbidity and mortality exists from inappropriate procedural technique and percutaneous catheter needle insertion procedures have been linked to medical complications. Healthcare trainees learn these procedures through trial and error and most existing simulators are synthetic tissue based and l...

Right ventricular dysfunction is one of the more common causes of heart failure in patients with congenital heart defects. Use of computer-assisted procedures is becoming more and more popular in clinical decision making process and computer-aided surgeries. In this paper, a MRI-based patient-specific 3D computational model with fluid-structure interactions (FSI) for human right ventricle (RV) ...

Over the nearly fifty years of research in Artificial Intelligence, investigators have continued to highlight the computational hardness of implementing core competencies associated with intelligence. Key pillars of AI, including search, constraint propagation, belief updating, learning, decision making, and the associated real-world challenges of planning, perception, natural language understa...

This report is concerned with the selection of routes in a network along which to transport hazardous substances, taking into consideration several key factors pertaining to the cost of transport and the risk of population exposure in the event of an accident. Furthermore, the fact that travel time and the risk measures are not constant over time is explicitly recognized in the routing decision...

When applying any technique of multidimensional models to problems of practice, one always has to cope with two problems: it is necessary to have a possibility to represent the models with a “reasonable” number of parameters and to have sufficiently efficient computational procedures at one’s disposal. When considering graphical Markov models in probability theory, both of these conditions are ...