Ecologists have long classified Midwestern prairies based on compositional variation assumed to reflect local gradients in moisture availability. The best known classification is based on Curtis' continuum index (CI), calculated using the presence of indicator species thought centered on different portions of an underlying moisture gradient. Direct evidence of the extent to which CI reflects di...

All communities vary through time. This variability originates from both intrinsic and extrinsic sources. Intrinsic sources are due to actions of organisms in a community, i.e., population dynamics and species interactions, while extrinsic variability is variability created by elements of habitat or environmental change. There is a growing appreciation that these two sources may interact, produ...

Cross-sectional submicronic Laue diffraction has been successfully applied to HgCdTe/CdZnTe heterostructures provide accurate strain profiles from substrate surface. Combined with chemical-sensitive techniques, this approach allows correlation of lattice-mismatch, interface compositional gradient and while isolating specific layer contributions which would otherwise be averaged using convention...

Since the Lucas-Kanade algorithm was proposed in 1981 image alignment has become one of the most widely used techniques in computer vision. Applications range from optical flow and tracking to layered motion, mosaic-ing, and face coding. Numerous algorithms have been proposed and a wide variety of extensions have been made to the original formulation. We present an overview of image alignment, ...

Mathematical and numerical modeling of drying coating layers is of interest to both industrial and academic communities. Compositional changes that occur during the drying process make the implementation of practical and efficient numerical models rather difficult. In this paper we present a three-dimensional mathematical and numerical model based on the lubrication approximation for the flow o...

[1] All models that invoke convection to explain the observed seismic variations in Earth’s inner core require unstable inner core stratification. Previous work has assumed that chemical effects are stabilizing and focused on thermal convection, but recent calculations indicate that the thermal conductivity at core temperatures and pressures is so large that the inner core must cool entirely by...

Many fundamental processes in the cell are performed by complex macromolecular assemblies that comprise a large number of proteins. Numerous macromolecular assemblies are structurally rather fragile and may suffer during purification, resulting in the partial dissociation of the complexes. These limitations can be overcome by chemical fixation of the assemblies, and recently introduced protocol...

We present results from an ongoing field study conducted in Kansas grassland to examine correlates of invasibility and community stability along a natural gradient of plant diversity. Invasibility was evaluated by sowing seeds of 34 plant species into 40 experimental plots and then measuring colonization success after two growing seasons. Compositional stability, defined as resistance to change...