This paper investigates the cyclic behaviour of steel-concrete encased composite columns. By investigating cover concrete and coefficient friction on (strength, ductility, stiffness, energy dissipation) columns subjected to combined axial load cyclically increasing lateral improve strength performance column. Eight were designed study effect, eleven other effect in dynamic load. Additionally, t...

determination of the best method to estimate the dispersion rate is very important to ensure accuracy of the computed data. the aim of this research is studying of transport length effects of dispersion of conservative tracer nacl in soils with different texture using several solute transport models including brigham, fried-combernous and solutions of the advection-dispersion equation with inve...

Many existing reinforced concrete structures were constructed with substandard characteristics. Low quality concrete, poor transverse reinforcement details and insufficient flexural strength are among the most common deficiencies. While substandard structures are in need of retrofitting, particularly in seismic areas, problems such as high costs and disturbance to occupants are major obstacles ...

This paper studies the behavior of axially loaded RC columns which are confined with carbon fiber reinforced polymers’ sheet (CFRP) and steel jackets (SJ). The study is based on twelve tested up to failure. It divided into three schemes its strengthening type; each scheme has four columns. main parameters in this were compressive strength concrete reinforcement ratio. Furthermore, results exper...

First-ply failure (FPF) of composite thin-walled columns and frames is investigated in the buckled structure. Elastic behavior is assumed during the pre-buckling and buckling states, and along part of the post-buckling equilibrium path. The Tsai-Hill criterion is employed to identify failure of one ply at one specific location. The technique of analysis is based on evaluation of the post-buckli...

Bridges are built in a variety of locations, many of which are susceptible to earthquakes. These bridges must be built to achieve the objectives of both accelerated bridge construction (ABC) and rapid return to service following a disaster. The concept of designing sacrificial elements to dissipate seismic energy while preserving the integrity of the structure’s other main components is known a...

The load-bearing capacity of a bidirectional laminated slab with shear keys arranged in rectangular grid (BCSWSK) was investigated to determine its mechanical properties, using load tests on fabricated and finite element models. force distribution across the measured analysed, effects different parameters were identified. interfaces between cast bottom strongly bonded, as interface precast cast...

Stereoscopic vision is extremely precise in detecting minute diierences between adjacent depth planes, but quite imprecise in estimating absolute depth. In this paper, we address the issue of the spatial acuity (and not the stereo acuity) of stereopsis. Static RDS (random dot stereograms) stimuli were used to nd the spatial grain in which human stereoscopic vision operates. Using psychophysical...