Abstract Background Episodes of acute agitation can occur in individuals who suffer from schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and these be a significant challenge for patients those provide care to them. Sublingual dexmedetomidine is selective alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist that was recently approved by the US Food Drug Administration treatment adults with disorder. The sublingual form does no...

Abstract Introduction Solriamfetol (Sunosi®), a dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor that has been shown to activate TAAR1, is approved (US and EU) treat excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in adults with narcolepsy (75-150mg/day) or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (37.5-150mg/day). Effect size, number needed (NNT) harm (NNH) are statistical representations of efficacy tolerability clinician...

and commentary also appear in ACP Journal Club. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . For correspondence: Dr J Mant and Professor R Hobbs, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; [email protected] Source of funding: Medical Research Council (MRC). Warfarin v aspirin for preventing stroke in patients >75 year...

Acetazolamide is used to prevent acute mountain sickness (AMS). We assessed efficacy and harm of acetazolamide for the prevention of AMS, and tested for dose-responsiveness. We systematically searched electronic databases (until April 2011) for randomized trials comparing acetazolamide with placebo for the prevention of AMS. For each dose, risk ratios were aggregated using a Mantel-Haenszel fix...

For a systematic review of postoperative analgesic efficacy and adverse effects of single doses, injected or oral, of pethidine and ketorolac compared with placebo, we sought published randomized studies in moderate to severe postoperative pain. Information on summed pain intensity or pain relief outcomes over 4-6 h was extracted and converted to dichotomous information to produce the number of...

The analgesic effectiveness and safety of oral tramadol were compared with standard analgesics using a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised controlled trials in patients with moderate or severe pain after surgery or dental extraction. Calculation of %maxTOTPAR from individual patient data, and the use of > 50%maxTOTPAR defined clinically acceptable pain relief. Number-needed...

50 mg rt-PA in reducing bleeding complications. Without accurate data of the bleeding complications in PTE thrombolytic therapy in China, we are currently unable to provide AR% for the Chinese population. Inspired by Dr Pena’s calculation, we performed additional analyses of the relative risk (RR) (I 50 mg/I 100 mg, the ratio of the bleeding incidences of the 50-mg rt-PA and 100-mg rt-PA groups...