The soft tissue response to carbon fibre was studied histologically one and a half years after being used to reconstruct the lateral collateral ligament of the human knee. A remarkably consistent pattern was seen in the induced ligament. The basic pattern was a "composite unit", consisting of a core of carbon fibre enveloped in a concentric manner by coherent layers of fibroblasts and collagen ...

The human temporomandibular joint (TMJ) develops from mesenchymal cells that form condensations appearing as condylar and temporal blastema which give rise to the respective anterior and posterior regions of the TMJ articular disc. Previous reports have shown the foetal disc to be avascular, with a high content of organized collagen fibres and a lesser content of elastic fibres. In this study, ...

Collagen is the protein primarily responsible for the load-bearing properties of tissues and collagen architecture is one of the main determinants of the mechanical properties of tissues. Visualisation of changes in collagen three-dimensional structure is essential in order to improve our understanding of collagen fibril formation and remodelling, e.g. in tissue engineering experiments. A recen...

The histology of cervical ribs of Sauropoda reveals a primary bone tissue, which largely consists of longitudinally oriented mineralized collagen fibres, essentially the same tissue as found in ossified tendons. The absence of regular periosteal bone and the dominance of longitudinal fibres contradict the ventral bracing hypothesis (VBH) postulated for sauropod necks. The VBH predicts histologi...

Ultrastructure of slow (soleus, SOL) and fast (extensor digitorum longus, EDL) rat leg muscles were examined two months after denervation when progress of atrophy slow down, and it enters in some more stable stage. In the experimental muscles the mass decreased to about 25% of the control value. Muscle fibres were decreased in size considerably, but not uniformly. The most muscle fibres were pr...

High-angle x-ray diffraction was applied to the study of four meniscal fibrocartilages and 11 articular cartilages from patients suffering from various articular disorders. In eight samples microcrystals were seen, apatite most frequently, CaHPO4 in two instances, calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) in one. These results confirm the association of various crystals in a single joint, and favo...

Collagen-based supplements have become a keystone in the management of ageing process, with proven ability to repair skin damage, bestowing youthful and healthy appearance sought pursuit beauty. Collagen is an essential scaffold protein that gives smoothness elasticity skin, but its production declines age. Finding ways tackle this problem now strongly promoted as effective way transform hair, ...

The proteoglycan meshwork is deemed to be the main source of resistance to fluid flow in articular cartilage. Maroudas (1968) showed that the decrease in proteoglycan volumetric fraction from the tidemark (bone-cartilage interface) to the articular surface corresponds to an increase in permeability from tidemark to surface, which is consistent with the well accepted “proteoglycan paradigm”. How...

The insoluble protein fraction was prepared from the central and posterior peripheral fraction of bovine vitreous humour. The collagen present in this fraction was solubilized by pepsin and fractionated by gel chromatography. Analysis of the solubilized collagen fractions showed that the alpha-chain component had an amino acid composition and yielded a series of CNBr-cleavage peptides that show...

Fourier Transform Near Infrared Raman Spectroscopy has been used to monitor the molecular changes of collagen in a tendon subjected to strain. In the Raman spectrum of the unstrained tendon, some protein bands, mainly assigned to collagen, can be observed: amide I (1666 cm-1) and III (1266 and 1248 cm-1) vibrational modes and skeletal (C-C) stretching vibrations (816 and 940 cm-1). The position...