In this paper, we study the stability and multiple solutions to Einstein-scalar field Lichnerowicz equation on compact Riemannian manifolds. In particular, in dimension no more than 5, we can find a different way (comparing with the previous result of Hebey-PacardPollack) by showing that there are at least two positive solutions or a unique positive solution according to the coercivity property...

NiMn₂O₄ prepared by conventional heating was irradiated with a microwave H-field using a single-mode cavity under air and magnetic properties of the microwave-irradiated material were investigated. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that the phase and microstructure are not affected by H-field irradiation. Measurements of the magnetization as a function of tempe...

Magnetic garnet films represent a wide family of materials. By the proper choice chemical composition and growth parameters, their magnetic behavior can be tuned in very range. On one side, they are suitable for many different applications; on other optimal model materials studying basic magnetization processes. Many assumptions existing theories checked or validated by film investigation. Thei...

Ferromagnetic nanostructures have been electrodeposited within the pores of porous silicon templates with average pore diameters between 25 and 60 nm. In this diameter regime, the pore formation in general is accompanied by dendritic growth resulting in rough pore walls, which involves metal deposits also offering a branched structure. These side branches influence the magnetic properties of th...

The subject of this paper is a first-order system least-squares formulation for the Stokes equation which remains uniformly valid in the limit of vanishing viscosity. For this so-called Darcy-Stokes flow problem we establish continuity and coercivity of the corresponding least-squares functional in appropriate norms. Two types of finite element spaces for the approximation of the velocity field...

[1] First-order reversal curve (FORC) diagrams have become a standard tool in rock magnetism, yet magnetite is the only magnetic mineral that is well characterized using FORC diagrams. We present FORC diagrams for predominantly single-domain (SD) synthetic aluminous hematite (a-Fe2-xAlxO3) and goethite (a-(FeAl)OOH) and natural greigite (Fe3S4) and pyrrhotite (Fe7S8) to constrain interpretation...

Multiferroic BaMnF4 powder was prepared by hydrothermal method. Hysteretic field dependent magnetization curve at 5 K confirms the weak ferromagnetism aroused from the canted antiferromagnetic spins by magnetoelectric coupling. The blocking temperature of 65 K for exchange bias coincides well with the peak at 65 K in the zero-field cooled temperature-dependent magnetization curve, which has bee...

The mutual controls of ferroelectricity and magnetism are stepping towards practical applications proposed for quite a few promising devices in which multiferroic thin films are involved. Although ferroelectricity stemming from specific spiral spin ordering has been reported in highly distorted bulk perovskite manganites, the existence of magnetically induced ferroelectricity in the correspondi...

Silicon samples sputtered with multiple magnetic layers can be characterized by using x-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) techniques. XRD identifies the crystallographic structures and chemical composition of the unknown layers. VSM measures the change in magnetic moment versus applied field, thus giving the information needed to ...