Chile has an economy strongly based on the exploitation of its natural resources. Copper mining represents the main export monetary income, employing thousands of people all along the country. The Chilean Copper Corporation (CODELCO), El Salvador branch, has been the primary mining company, but it will be ending most of its activities by 201 1 unless copper prices stay at their record levels. B...

Coastal erosion contributes to the loss of particularly valuable land, which can damage coastal ecosystems and cause economic social area where they occur. is a natural process that affects shores around world. The article present aspects in Romania as well some solutions proposed reduce this phenomenon. Submerged structures are exposed therefore close monitoring necessary. A malfunction will r...

The Geoprocessing model on Coastal vulnerability index algorithm has been developed by integrating multiple geo-spatial parameters to identify the vulnerable zone along the South west coast of Tamil Nadu. Present study is to design the automatic executable geoprocessing model that can support to analysis the datasets such as geomorphology, coastal erosion and accretion, coastal slope, relative ...

Although shoreface nourishments are an increasingly interesting option for coastal managers to counteract coastal erosion, their design is often highly empirical. A better understanding of the way shoreface nourishments interact with the initial beach profile may help to reduce the degree of empiricism in nourishment design. Literature study has shown that numerical modelling is commonly used t...

Erosion of unprotected levee banks decreases their structural integrity and increases the likelihood of failure. Several types of restoration structures for levee protection and stabilization have been used in the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta, California, to reduce erosion. The purpose of this paper is to describe the results of a field experiment designed to measure the effectiveness of ...

Coastal change analysis, particularly of the variation in shorelines and blufflines, is critical for coastal disaster mitigation, environmental protection, resource management, and coastal development decision making. As data from a variety of sources has become more easily available, it is highly desirable to investigate a strategy for the integration of multi-dimensional geospatial data for c...

Shoreline armoring is prevalent around the world with unprecedented human population growth and urbanization along coastal habitats. Armoring structures, such as riprap and bulkheads, that are built to prevent beach erosion and protect coastal infrastructure from storms and flooding can cause deterioration of habitats for migratory fish species, disrupt aquatic-terrestrial connectivity, and red...

The use of 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) and e thy lene d ib romide (EDB) as soil fumigants to control nematodes has been banned. Other nematicides are more expensive and often less effective than DBCP and EDB and may experience a similar fate. A renewed interest in biological control o f nematodes will surely follow. Among root-knot nematode-resistant crops that may be used in rotation wi...

Taihu Lake in China is suffering from severe eutrophication partly due to non-point pollution from the watershed. There is an increasing need to identify the regions within the watershed that most contribute to lake water degradation. The selection of appropriate temporal scales and lake indicators is important to identify sensitive watershed regions. This study selected three eutrophic lake ar...

The western Canadian Arctic is identified as an area of potentially significant global warming. Thawing permafrost, sea level rise, changing sea ice conditions and increased wave activity will result in accelerated rates of coastal erosion and thermokarst activity in areas of ice-rich permafrost. The Yukon Coastal Plain is widely recognized as one of the most ice-rich and thaw-sensitive areas i...