We use optimal control theory to determine the manufacturing, remanufacturing, and disposal rates in a closed-loop supply chain. The returned items are of different quality levels. firm grades according their quality. Each class is remanufactured stocked separately. Also, all subject deterioration rate depends on class. Finally, each sold segment customers. An illustrative example presented alo...

Due to increasing environmental awareness, companies have started embracing the green supply chain concept reduce waste of resources. Based on this increased an integrated closed-loop has been developed, which integrates forward and reverse chain. The follows same path as in direction recycle used products. uncertain quality products, not all products can be selected for recycling reproduction,...

Nowadays, enterprises have to be good for society, take care of the environment, and achieve profit at same time. And closed-loop supply chain helps them being so. However, there is a lack bibliometric visualization research in area “Closed-Loop Supply Chain”. Thus, this aims present overview define current state scientific production regarding The review 807 publications from Scopus database (...

This research work develops a decision support model for a network design problem concerning a spare parts closed loop supply chain. It involves the formulation of an optimization model that takes on a mid to long-term planning perspective and covers decisions that have lasting and binding impact on organizational performance. These decisions include investment, location assignment, and invento...

Supply chain management, Network design, Closed-loop supply chain, disruption. This paper presents an optimization model for the design of a closed-loop supply chain network consisting of suppliers, production facilities, recovery centers, disposal centers, and markets. The proposed model is capable of accounting for risks of disruption and investigating the lateral transshipment strategy to re...

In this paper, we examine the influences of vertical and horizontal cooperation models on the optimal decisions and performance of a low-carbon closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) with a manufacturer and two retailers, and study optimal operation in the competitive pricing, competitive the low-carbon promotion, the carbon emission reduction, the used-products collection and the profits. We consider...