It is a challenging task to diagnose mycosis fungoides (MF), a type of primary cutaneous lymphoma, in the early stages of its development, due to the unspecific presentations associated with the disease. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry conduce to a more definite diagnosis. Presence of atypical T-cells in epidermis and upper dermis is the most significant pathologic finding. Herein...

In patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), the BRAF V600E mutation has been reported to be associated with several clinicopathological features and poor survival. However, the prognostic implications of BRAF V600E mutation and the associated clinicopathological characteristics in CRCs remain controversial. Therefore, we reviewed various clinicopathological features, including BRAF status, in 349...

Epidemiological studies regarding Alzheimer's disease (AD) in smokers currently suggest inconsistent results. The clinicopathological findings also vary as to how AD pathology is affected by smoking behavior. Even though clinicopathological, functional, and epidemiological studies in humans do not present a consistent picture, much of the in vitro data implies that nicotine has neuroprotective ...

We report the clinicopathological findings of two patients with ectopic gastric mucosa within the gall ladder. The first patient, a 78 year old man, was asymptomatic. He was admitted to hospital for a colon adenocarcinoma. Intraoperatively, a firm nodule was palpable in the gall bladder. Histological examination of the resected specimen revealed a body type gastric mucosa in the submucosa, adja...

Cholinergic dysfunction is one of the cornerstones of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Reviewed here is evidence evaluating relationships between smoking, nicotine exposure, nicotinic cholinergic signaling, and AD. Epidemiological studies initially indicating a lower incidence of AD in smokers now suggest conflicting results. Clinicopathological findings also are mixed as to how smoking beha...