IntroductIon Clinical decision-making is a complex process that is reliant on accurate and timely information. Clinicians are dependent (or should be dependent) on massive amounts of information and knowledge to make decisions that are in the best interest of the patient. Increasingly, information technology (IT) solutions are being used as a knowledge transfer mechanism to ensure that clinicia...

Parkinson 's dis ease is a slowl y progressive, neurodegenerative di sorder a ffec t ing one in 1,000 of th e gen eral population ; its in cid e nce increases with age , but the ca use remains unknown . The di sease is characte r ized pathologically by a loss of neurons fr om th e pigmented subs ta n t ia nigra par s co mpacta , and a tr iad of ph ysical symptoms of rigidity, tremor, and bradyk...

Montero et al. do report the 95% limits on the Bland-Altman plot, perhaps the authors could have reported the 95% limits of agreement for a specific number of thresholds of proteinuria for example <300mg, <3.5 grams or >3.5 grams individually which would be useful for clini-cians trying to interpret spot urine pro-tein/creatinine ratio. I worry that readers of this excellent study may be left f...

drome, IgA paraproteinemia, and bron− chiectasis presented with a 3−month his− tory of worsening odynophagia and weight loss. Initial endoscopy revealed er− ythema in the mid− to distal esophagus and a small mucosal tear. Barium swallow, esophageal manometry, and 24−hour pH studies were all normal. Her symptoms worsened despite proton−pump inhibitor therapy. Repeat endoscopy showed denuded muco...

Me orig hos path (Pa orig Mo and labo incl hum cyto of (Jav pac na am on epar wiss aul S I M dic gina spita hol atwa gina oreo d orat lud man otox gen vied ckin aly mp nik rtm Fe Sch h en rui Fo ch (P (la po Di an Na Na rel sp ntr Med cal w atin al ogi ary ates over tox tori e sh n xin nera d at ng ysi ple ka M ment eder herr http nviro ined our hlori VC atex owd iffe naly a, P a, P leva ectr r...

Muscle wasting is a major feature of the cachexia asso-One Joslin Place ciated with diverse pathologies such as cancer, bacte-Several cytokines have been implicated in the patho-8 Department of Pediatrics genesis of muscle wasting, most notably TNF-␣, a proin-9 Department of Physical Medicine flammatory cytokine that was originally called " cachec-and Rehabilitation tin " (Tisdale, 1997; Argile...

1 S YSTEMS AND CONTROL THEORY is the basis for algorithms embedded in many of the products (both high and low " tech ") that we use in our daily lives. While consumers appreciate the relative compactness of CD and DVD players and microdrives, for example, and value the manufacturing technology involved in minia-turization, they probably do not think much about the mathematical algorithms that e...

We have previously obtained, by exposure to near continuous increas ing concentrations of cisplatin, a panel of human ovarian cancer cell lines that exhibit a wide range of primary resistance to the drug (9to >400fold). These cells had strikingly increased (4to 50-fold) levels of glutathione (GSH) as compared with the drug-sensitive cells of origin (A. K. Godwin et al., Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. U...

A little over a decade ago, passive humidifiers, ¦^^ commonly called "artificial noses," were rele¬ gated to short-term use, typically less than 24 h. Improvements in design, coupled with careful clini¬ cal investigations, have proven that in select patients, passive humidifiers can be used safely for several days.15 The definition oi several is currently debat¬ able, but evidence for up to 5 d...

Whole-body I-131 scintigraphy (I-131 WBS) has been a helpful diagnostic procedure for evaluating the existence of residual thyroid bed remnants as well as possible metastasis in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer after surgery [1, 2]. In the interpretation of I-131 WBS, breast uptake may be misread as thyroid cancer lung metastasis if it occurs with an atypical pattern or is clinically...