This article reviews the potential impacts of climate change on food security. It is found that of the four main elements of food security, i.e., availability, stability, utilization, and access, only the first is routinely addressed in simulation studies. To this end, published results indicate that the impacts of climate change are significant, however, with a wide projected range (between 5 ...

II. THE SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THE GLOBAL FLOAT ARRAY...........................................................4 A. THE GODAE/CLIVAR CONTEXT ................................................................................................................................... 4 B. COMBINING PROFILING FLOATS AND ALTIMETRY FOR DIAGNOSIS OF THE CLIMATE SYSTEM ................................. 5 C. ...

Santa Ana Winds (SAWs) are an integral feature of the regional climate of Southern California/ Northern Baja California region, but their climate-scale behavior is poorly understood. In the present work, we identify SAWs in mesoscale dynamical downscaling of a global reanalysis from 1948 to 2012. Model winds are validated with anemometer observations. SAWs exhibit an organized pattern with stro...

The predicted manifestations of global climate change are diverse and extensive. Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) offer great potential to enable and enhance climate change adaptation projects, programmes and activities. As yet these roles have received relatively little systematic consideration. In this paper we outline the nature of climate change adaptation contexts and pre...

Global climate change has profound implications for human societies. The present---ecologically unsustainable--trajectory of human development fails to provide for the basic needs of a substantial fraction of the global population, while diminishing the prospects for future generations. Human-caused climate change has already begun to affect weather patterns, physical and biological phenomena, ...

lifestyle, shaped by the culture and customs of the people living in a city, and the settlement pattern resulted from that, is one of the foundations of native housing. careful analysis of lifestyle helps developing new housing design principles which are compatible to changes in living conditions and styles. city of khorramshahr, because of the deconstruction caused by war and the reconstructi...

Climate change is predicted to increase the intensity and negative impacts of urban heat events, prompting the need to develop preparedness and adaptation strategies that reduce societal vulnerability to extreme heat. Analysis of societal vulnerability to extreme heat events requires an interdisciplinary approach that includes information about weather and climate, the natural and built environ...

Migration is one of the variety of ways by which human populations adapt to environmental changes. The study of migration in the context of anthropogenic climate change is often approached using the concept of vulnerability and its key functional elements: exposure, system sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. This article explores the interaction of climate change and vulnerability through revie...

Climate is a complex abstract concept, and, since the appearance of climatology as a science, many definitions of the concept have been given. In this chapter, when speaking about the climate of an area, we shall mean the naturally determined regime that creates the weather sequence in the area, conditioned by solar radiation, underlying surface, atmospheric circulation and other controlling fa...

Plant disease risk is strongly influenced by environmental conditions [1]. While some animal hosts may provide their pathogens with a consistent range of body temperatures, plant pathogens are generally much more exposed to the elements. Plant disease will tend to respond to climate change, though a number of interactions take place among host, pathogen, potential vectors. In some cases, the ac...