Changes in nucleotides and ribonucleic acids (RNA) in 'Valencia' orange have been determined as influenced by storage, ethylene, heat and commercial concentrating practices. All treatments tended to lower polymeric RNA species. Patterns of interactions in the case of nucleotides were evident and distinct for certain treatments. Changes in nucleotides may be related to the quality of the process...

Seasonal population of the fruit-piercing moths Eudocima spp. was monitored throughout the citrus growing seasons in a citrus orchard and in site adjacent to secondary forest from July 2007 to June 2009. The moth was detected practically throughout the year with activity lowest during the wet months (September-February) when fruits are still available and while highest during the dry months (Ma...

The elderly population has experienced increased life expectancy as well as the increased incidence of gastric ulcers. The peels of fruits from Citrus aurantium L., popularly known in Brazil as orange bitter, are commonly used asatea form for the treatment of gastrointestinal tract disorders, such as ulcer and gastritis. We evaluated the healing effects of essential oil from the peels of Citrus...

Carotenoids are the main pigments responsible of the colouration of Citrus fruits. The beta-cyclization of lycopene, catalysed by the lycopene beta-cyclases (beta-LCY), seems to be a key regulatory step of the carotenoid pathway. In the present study, two beta-LCYs from orange fruits (Citrus sinensis), named Csbeta-LCY1 and Csbeta-LCY2 have been isolated and the activity of the encoded proteins...

In this study, we developed and validated a method for the extraction, identification, and quantitation of penicillin G and its metabolites (penilloic acid and penillic acid) in a variety of citrus fruits by employing sequential liquid/liquid and solid-phase extraction techniques in conjunction with UHPLC-MS/MS. Two product ion transitions per analyte were required for identification, which con...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To date, few studies have examined associations between the wide range of flavonoid subclasses and risk of ischemic, hemorrhagic, and total stroke. METHODS We conducted a prospective study among 69 622 women from the Nurses' Health Study. Total flavonoid and subclass intakes were calculated from semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires collected every 4 years usin...

The objective of the investigations performed was to assess the antioxidant properties of the seeds and peels of selected fruits. The antioxidant activity as well as total polyphenol and tannin content were determined. The results obtained revealed essential diversities of the analysed parameters among the material examined. The peels were characterized by higher ability to scavenge free radica...

Most of the citrus fruits grown worldwide are oranges of various varieties. More than half of these are processed and have their juice extracted. The resultant wet citrus waste has been used for over 60 years as a source of feed for livestock. Most citrus pulp is now dried for convenience of storage and transport prior to feeding to ruminant livestock. Brazil and the U.S.A. are the largest expo...

Organ abscission is an important process in plant development and reproduction. During abscission, changes in cellular adhesion of specialized abscission zone cells ensure the detachment of infected organs or those no longer serving a function to the plant. In addition, abscission also plays an important role in the release of ripe fruits. Different plant species display distinct patterns and t...

Larval rearing Larval development usually take five months in the field. The early hatched young larvae are fragile so we kept them to grow inside fruits for about 15 days. Then larvae were transferred to artificial diets. Mature larvae drill out diet and pupate in moist sands (Fig. 4). We used several diet formulations recommended from other fruit flies rearing. Evaluation was carried out base...