objective: citizenship is not just a situation in which a person has a set of rights and duties, but it serves the two ideas of situation and feeling. feeling of citizenship is an important aspect of citizenship that plays a great role in strengthening social bases in a society. feeling refers to view and attitudes, and citizenship in its full meaning is an attitude. citizens should be such ind...

In Poland’s region of Opole Silesia, ethnic Germans constitute one-third of the populace. Most of them (re-)acquired German citizenship in the 1990s. This also meant obtaining EU citizenship. Thus, they form the largest compact group of German/EU citizens residing outside Germany/the EU. Should Poland join the EU with too long a derogation period on the free movement of its citizens throughout ...

new millennium began when half of world population is living in the cities. predictions represent that the proportion of citizenship will reach to 65 percent by 2050. one the phenomena affected by living in the cities is citizenship. citizenship phenomenon is one of the phenomena that in in the era of social political evolution in the world have received much attention. presentation of theories...

One challenge for global equity managers is keeping track of correlations (or covariances) between the sources of risk in their portfolios. For instance, in the Barra Global Equity Model (GEM2) there are 153 factors, including country, currency, style, and industry factors that we have identified as being important. This leads to 11,628 unique correlations/covariances of which to keep track bet...

This article examines the relationship among perceived organizational support, affective organizational commitment, and employee citizenship behavior in Kuwaiti business organizations. Employees’ affective organizational commitment is proposed to mediate the relationship between perceived organizational support and employee citizenship behavior. Data were collected from 261 employees affiliated...

Principles of Citizenship Education Based on Hannah Arendt’s Philosophy M. Khezri Aghdam S.M. Sajjaadi, Ph.D. A. Manoochehri, Ph.D. A.R. Saadeghzaadeh Ghamsari, Ph.D. Citizenship education, like education in general, has its philosophical foundations, and curriculum planners need to be familiar with these philosophies in order to do their job well. Among such philos...

Reconsidering the concept of digital citizenship and the essential component of education the authors propose that the concept of Hybrid Education may serve both as a guideline for the utilization of digital technologies in education and as a methodology for fostering new forms of participation, inclusion and engagement in society. Following T.H. Marshall’s conception of citizenship the authors...